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US 2013/0033044A1 Feb.7,2013 ENHANCING POWER CYCLE EFFICIENCY FORA SUPERCRITICAL BRAYTON CYCLE POWER SYSTEM USING TUNABLE SUPERCRITICAL GAS MIXTURES STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENTAL INTEREST [0001] This invention Was developed under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000 betWeen Sandia Corporation and the US. DepartmentofEnergy.TheU.S.Governmenthascertain rightsinthisinvention. BACKGROUND [0002] DuetoenvironmentalconcernsasWellasincreasing population, environmentally friendly and ef?cient poWer generation systems are desired. While there have recently been advances in systems that utiliZe reneWable resources, such as solar poWer, Wind, geothermal energy, and the like, e?iciencies of such systems trail conventional turbine-based poWergenerationsystems,andcostsofbuildingsuchsystems arerelativelyhigh.Moreover,generally,systemsthatutiliZe reneWable resources output variable amounts of electrical poWer (e.g., depending upon cloud cover, Wind speeds, ...). [0003] SupercriticalBraytoncyclepoWergenerationsys tems have been proposed and theoriZed as e?icient poWer generation systems. Advantages of supercritical Brayton cycle poWer generation systems include the utiliZation of an environmentally friendly, naturally occurring compound such as carbon dioxide. Additional advantages of supercriti cal Brayton cycle poWer generation systems include a rela tively small footprint When compared to conventional tur bine-based poWer generation systems. Moreover, supercriticalBraytoncyclepoWergenerationsystemshave been theorized to have e?iciencies that meet or exceed e?i cienciesofconventionalpoWergenerationsystems. [0004] SupercriticalBraytoncyclepoWergenerationsys tems offer a promising approach to achieving higher e?i ciency and more cost-effective poWer conversion When com paredtoexistingsteam-drivenpoWerplants,andalsoperhaps gasturbinepoWerplants.A supercriticalBraytoncyclepoWer generation system is a poWer conversion system that utiliZes a single-phase ?uid operating near the critical temperature and pressure of such ?uid. Generally, tWo types of poWer conversioncycleshavebeenproposed:arecuperatedBrayton cycle and a recompression Brayton cycle. Other types of poWer cycles, such as a poWer take off cycle, cycles With reheat or inter-cooling, split-?oW compressor discharge cyclesthatheatafraction?oW ratherthanrecuperateit,or cycles that feed all or a portion of the high pressure ?oW directlytoaturbineWhiletheloWpressure?oW legprovides theheatingcanalsobeutiliZed,Whereinsuchcyclesemploy aBraytoncycle. SUMMARY [0005] ThefolloWingisabriefsummaryofsubjectmatter thatisdescribedingreaterdetailherein.Thissummary isnot intended to be limiting as to the scope of the claims. [0006] Ingeneral,varioustechnologiespertainingtosuper critical Brayton cycle poWer generation systems are describedherein.A supercriticalBraytoncyclepoWergen eration system includes a generator and a turbine that is con?gured to drive the generator by Way of a shaft that couplestheturbinetothegenerator.When operatingatdesign temperatures/pressures, a compressor is con?gured to com presssupercritical?uidandtransmitsuchcompressed?uidto aheater.Theheaterisoperabletoheatthe?uid,Whichcauses the ?uid to expand toWards the turbine, Which in turn causes the turbine to rotate the shaft and generate electric poWer at thegenerator. [0007] TosubstantiallyoptimiZee?iciencyofthesuper criticalBraytoncyclepoWergenerationsystem,suchsystem desirablyrejectsheatatornearthecriticaltemperatureofthe supercritical?uidthatis?oWingthroughthesystem.Accord ingly,describedhereinaresupercriticalBraytoncyclepoWer generation systems that use mixtures of supercritical ?uids that can be “tuned” to operate at either higher or loWer heat rejectiontemperaturestoincreasecyclee?iciency.Therefore, suchapoWergenerationsystemcanbe“tuned”tooperateat high e?iciency based on local environmental or seasonal changes. In another exemplary embodiment, a supercritical BraytoncyclepoWergenerationsystemcanevenoperatedry (Without Water cooling) by changing the gas mixture and Without changing the hardWare. Accordingly, as described herein, composition of ?uid can be selected to cause the ?uid to have a critical temperature that enhances ef?ciency of the supercriticalBraytoncyclepoWergenerationsystemrelative to sensed environmental conditions. [0008] OtheraspectsWillbeappreciateduponreadingand understandingtheattached?guresanddescription. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0009] FIG.1isaschematicdiagramofanexemplary supercriticalBraytoncyclepoWergenerationsystem. [0010] FIG.2isaschematicdiagramofanotherexemplary supercriticalBraytoncyclepoWergenerationsystem. [0011] FIG.3isafunctionalblockdiagramofanexem plary system that facilitates computing a composition of a ?uid such that the ?uid has a desired critical temperature. [0012] FIG.4isafunctionalblockdiagramofanexem plarysupercriticalBraytoncyclepoWergenerationsystem. [0013] FIG.5isa?oWdiagramthatillustratesanexem plary methodology for operating a supercritical Brayton cycle poWer generation system With a ?uid that has a desired criticaltemperature. [0014] FIG.6isanexemplarycomputingsystem. DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0015] Varioustechnologiespertainingtosupercritical Brayton cycle poWer generation systems Will noW be described With reference to the draWings, Where like refer ence numerals represent like elements throughout. In addi tion,severalfunctionalblockdiagramsofexemplarysystems are illustrated and described herein for purposes of explana tion; hoWever, it is to be understood that functionality that is describedasbeingcarriedoutbycertainsystemcomponents may be performed by multiple components. Similarly, for instance, a component may be con?gured to perform func tionalitythatisdescribedasbeingcarriedoutbymultiple components. Additionally, as used herein, the term “exem plary” is intended to mean serving as an illustration or example of something, and is not intended to indicate a pref erence. [0016] Asusedherein,theterm“component”isintendedto encompasscomputer-readabledatastoragethatiscon?gured With computer-executable-instructions that cause certain functionality to be performed When executed by a processor. Thecomputer-executableinstructionsmay includearoutine,PDF Image | ENHANCING POWER CYCLE EFFICIENCY FOR A Supercritical Brayton
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