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US 6,971,844 B2 34 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION generally in a radial direction and Which slot 60 registers Withanopposedslot60intheoppositeendface.A spline seal 62 is inserted into the registering slots and generally seals against axial How of steam past the diaphragm seg ments. Additional locations of registering slots 64 and spline seals 66 located in the slots at the registering end faces of the outer ring halves 44 and 50 are located radially outWardly of the bucket tips to prevent radial out?oW of steam from the ?oWpath. Referring noW to the drawings, particularly to FIG. 1, there is illustrated a steam turbine, generally designated 10. Steamturbine10,inthisschematicexample,iscomprisedof a high pressure turbine section 12 and an intermediate pressure turbine section 14 mounted on a single integral rotor 16 extending beyond opposite ends of a steam turbine casing 18. It Will appreciated that the rotor 16 is driven in rotation by the high and intermediate pressure sections 12 and14,Whilethecasing18remainsstationary.As typicalin steam turbines, and referring to FIG. 2, rotor 16 mounts a plurality of spaced buckets 20 typically having cover plates 22attheirtips24.Eachturbinesectionincludesadiaphragm 15 assembly,generallydesignated26,mountingapluralityof portion76ofthesealbody72hasareduceddepthdimen partitions 28 de?ning noZZles. Axially adjacent buckets 20 and the noZZles form a stage of the steam turbine 10 and it Will be appreciated that tWo stages are illustrated in FIG. 2, although any number of additional stages are typical. The steam ?oWpath through noZZles 28 and buckets 20 is indi cated by the steam ?oW direction arroW 30. The axis of rotation of the rotor is indicated at 32. ItWill be appreciated that the diaphragm assembly 26 is disposedabouttherotor16andmaintainedWithintheouter 25 casing 18, by means not shoWn. Each diaphragm assembly 26 includes an upper and a loWer diaphragm segment 34 and 36,respectively(FIG.3),eachextendingapproximately 180° and mating along a horiZontal midline joint 40. Upper diaphragm segment 34 includes semi-annular inner and outer rings 42 and 44, respectively (FIG. 3), having a pluralityofcircumferentiallyspacedpartitions28extending betWeen the semi-annular rings. Similarly, the loWer dia phragm segment 36 includes semi-annular inner and outer rings48and50,respectively(FIG.3),havingapluralityof 35 circumferentially spaced partitions 28 betWeen the semi annular rings. The partitions 28 form stationary noZZles for de?ecting the steam ?oW along the steam path 30. In accordance With a preferred embodiment of the present inventionasillustratedinFIGS.2and3,splinesealsare40 interposed betWeen registering end faces 43 and 49 of the inner semi-annular rings 42 and 48, respectively, at each of the horiZontal joints. Similarly, spline seals are provided betWeen the end faces 45 and 51 of the outer semi-annular rings44and50,respectively,ateachofthehoriZontaljoints. 45 The spline seals at each of the registering end faces for the inner and outer semi-annular rings are identical and a description of one suffices as a description for the others. Each spline seal 54 may comprise a thin sheet of metal, e.g., having a stock thickness of about 0.01 inches, extending in registering slots 56 (FIG. 3) formed in the end faces. The slots56maybeformedusinganEDMprocessorconven tional milling operation and may be formed as original equipment manufacture or as a retro?t. Particularly, at each endface,aslot56isformedWhichextendsgenerally55 parallel to the axis of rotation 32 (FIG. 2) of the turbine. The splineseal54extendsintheslotssubstantiallycoextensively thereWith and lies radially close to the steam path as illus trated in FIG. 2. Spline seals 54 therefore seal against radial How of the steam from the hot gas path 30. For example, the spline seals 54 sealing betWeen the end faces of the inner ring halves 42 and 48 at midline joints preclude radial inWard How of the steam. The spline seals 54 betWeen the registering end faces of the outer ring halves 44 and 50 seals againstradialout?oWofthesteamfromthesteampath. 65 Additionally,eachoftheendfacesoftheinnerandouter ring halves has a further slot 60 (FIG. 3) Which extends sion in comparison With the Width of the grooves. The enlargements 74 facilitate relative movement of the seg ments, e.g., the diaphragm segments 34 and 36 in radial directionsWithoutbindingordamagingthesplineseal.Also, a slight shift in the spline seal 70 and the ends of the slots is accommodated. Such spline seals may be of the type disclosed in commonly-oWned US. Pat. No. 5,624,227, the disclosure of Which is incorporated herein by reference. Referring noW to FIG. 5, another form of spline seal is illustrated. Spline seal 80 of FIG. 5 may be formed of sheet metal material having a seal body 82 With opposite ends reverselycurvedorbentat84toformenlargements86along opposite sides of the spline seal. Edges 88 of the reversely curved portions face a central portion of the seal body 82. Theenlargements86,liketheenlargements72ofsplineseal 70ofFIG.4,aredisposedadjacentthebasesoftheslots. This type of spline seal is also disclosed in the above referencedpatent. In FIG. 6, there is illustrated a spline seal 90 having a central core 92 formed of metal and having an overlay of cloth 94. The cloth layer may be comprised of metal, ceramic and/or polymer ?bers Which have been Woven to form a layer of fabric. The overlying cloth may be of the typedisclosedincommonly-oWnedUS.Pat.No.5,934,687, the disclosure of Which is incorporated herein by reference. It Will be appreciated from the foregoing that the spline seals are provided in the gaps at the horiZontal or midline joints betWeen the upper and loWer semi-annular diaphragm segments. The spline seals minimiZe or preclude steam leakage ?oW past the gaps in radial and axial directions With resulting improvement in machine performance. While the invention has been described in connection With What is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modi?ca tionsandequivalentarrangementsincludedWithinthespirit andscopeoftheappendedclaims. What is claimed is: 1.A steam turbine comprising: a rotor carrying a plurality of circumferentially spaced buckets; a diaphragm assembly surrounding the rotor including upperandloWerdiaphragmsegmentshavingendfaces in registration With one another adjacent horiZontal joints of the turbine, each said segment including substantially semi-annular outer and inner rings carry ingapluralityofcircumferentiallyspacedpartitions therebetWeen, the buckets and partitions forming a stage of the steam turbine; Each spline seal, as indicated previously, may comprise a ?at metal plate as illustrated in FIG. 3. Alternatively, and referring to FIG. 4, illustrating a further form of spline seal, a spline seal 70 may comprise a seal body 72 With enlarge ments 74 along opposite edges or ends of the seal for dispositionadjacentthebasesoftheslots.Thus,thecentralPDF Image | HORIZONTAL JOINT SEALING SYSTEM FOR STEAM TURBINE
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