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US 2012/0117979 A1 May 17,2012 up to the atmospheric pressure. Both the anodic and the cathodic ?oWs are driven into tWo gas turbines, based on an InvertedBrayton-JouleCycle,thatsharethesamecompres sor(FIG.8). [0037] Thecompressorcanbedrivenbytheanodicturbine and/or by the cathodic turbine and/or by an electric motor. [0038] TheExtension3canbecombinedWiththeExten sion1,2. Extension 4 [0039] Byextensionthepresentinventioncanalsobe applied to a concept combining traditional Brayton-Joule Cycle and Inverted Brayton-Joule Cycle. The advantage of reducing compression poWer isthen reduced but stilmore advantageous than the traditional design. HoWever this con ?gurationcanmake easierthesystemstartup. [0040] TheinventioncanbeappliedWithadvantageevery timethatinthegasturbine-fuelcellHybridCyclethereisone expansionbeforeonecompression.Thereforeapplicationof thediscussedideacanbegeneraliZedalsointhecaseinWhich the turbine expands from above atmospheric pressure (eg use of a pressuriZed fuel cell) or from beloW the atmospheric pressure. [0041] InexampleFIG.9shoWsacycleinWhichthetur bine isexpanding from above atmospheric pressure doWn to beloW atmospheric pressure. Also in this case the invention canbeappliedadvantageously. [0042] TheExtension4canbecombinedWiththeExten sion1,2,3. Extension 5 [0043] Thepresentinventioncanbeappliedinagastur bine-fuelcellhybridcycleWithanykindorsiZeofFuelCell. [0044] TheExtension5canbecombinedWiththeExten sion1,2,3,4. Extension 6 [0045] Thepresentinventioncanbeappliedindependently to the class or siZe of the involved turbomachinery, including multi-stage compressions and expansions, intercooling betWeen the compressions, re-heating betWeen the expan sions,monoshaftand/ormultishaftcon?gurations. [0046] TheExtension6canbecombinedWiththeExten sion1,2,3,4,5. Extension 7 [0047] Thepresentinventioncanbeappliedtoconvertany kind of fuel and can be integrated With any kind of fuel processing. [0048] TheExtension7canbecombinedWiththeExten sion1,2,3,4,5,6. Extension 8 [0049] Thepresentinventioncanbeappliedtoconvertthe syngasproducedbyanygasi?cationprocess.Inthatcase,the inventionWillalloWfordifferentintegrationWiththegasi? cationprocess: [0050] ByheatintegrationWiththegasi?cationprocess, the fuel pretreatment or the gas treatment [0051] Bythepossibleuseinthegasi?cationprocessof thegasesprocessedintheinvention [0052] Bythedirectorindirectintegrationoftheburner inthegasi?cationprocess. [0053] TheExtension8canbecombinedWiththeExten sion1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Extension 9 [0054] AsystemaccordingWiththeabovedescribedinven tion in Which the oxygen necessary to oxidiZe the amount of fuel unconverted in the fuel cell can be added in the anodic ?oW either in the combustion chamber and/or in the fuel processingand/orelseWherebeforethecombustionchamber. [0055] Thealternativestoseparatepureoxygenfromair include: [0056] Anoxygenseparationmembrane,inexampleto separateoxygenfromthecathodicHow; [0057] Afuelcellusedinreversemode; [0058] ThroughWaterhydrolysis.Theproductsofthis process are oxygen and hydrogen. The hydrogen can be used as fuel for the fuel cell. [0059] TheExtension9canbecombinedWiththeExten sion1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8. References [0060] [1]Bohn,D.,MicroGasTurbineandFuelCelliA Hybrid Energy Conversion System with High Potential, RTO-EN-AVT-131, 2005. [0061] [2]Vejo,S.L.,TubularSolidOxideFuelCell/Gas Turbine Hybrid Cycle Power Systems: Status, Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and PoWer, vol.124, 2002. [0062] [3]Lym,T.H.,Operatingcharacteristicsofa5kW classanode-supportedplanarSOFC stackforafuelcell/ gasturbinehybridsystem,InternationalJournalofHydro genEnergy,vol.33,Issue:3,2008. [0063] [4]Palsson,J.,Combinedsolidoxidefuelcelland gas turbine systemsfor e?icientpower and heat genera tion, Journal of PoWer Sources, vol.86, Issue: 1-2, 2000. [0064] [5]Massardo,A.E,Internalreformingsolidoxide fuel cellgas turbine combined cycles (TRSOFC-GT) Part AiCellmodelandcyclethermodynamicanalysis,Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and PoWer iTransac tionsoftheASME, vol.122,Issue:1,2003. [0065] [6]Autissier,N.,Thermo-economicoptimizationof asolidoxidefuelcel,gasturbinehybridsystem,Journalof FuelCellScienceandTechnology,vol.4,Issue:2,2007. [0066] [7]TsujikaWa,Y.,ProposaloftheAtmospheric Pressure Turbine (APT) and High Temperature Fuel Cell HybridSystem,JSME InternationalJournalSeriesB,vol. 47,2004. [0067] [8]TsujikaWa,Y.,PerformanceanalysisofAPT(at mospheric pressure turbine)-molten carbonate fuel cell hybrid system, Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo 2006,Vol.4,2006. [0068] [9] TsujikaWa, Y., Part-Load performance of MCFC/APT Hybrid Power System, Proceedings of the ASME TurboExpo2008,Vol.7,2008. [0069] [10]Wilson,D.G.,TheDesignofHigh-E?iciency Turbomachinery and Gas Turbines, MIT Press, 1993. [0070] [11] Inoue, K., Construction and performance evaluation ofprototype atmospheric pressure turbine (APT),ProceedingsoftheASMETurboExpo2006,Vol.4, 2006.PDF Image | HYBRID CYCLES OF GAS TURBINE WITH CO2 SEPARATION
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