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16 focuses and transmits the laser beam 14 towards their respective nozzle 30 to enter into the combustion chamber 202 and ignite the combustive medium sprayed from the noZZle 30 at desired location(s). For some arrangements, the optics 17 housed Within the optical beam guidance compo nents16,may compriseaconventionallens,oranylensWith highefficiency,andgoodfocusthatissuitableforrelayingthe laser beam 14 to ignite the combustive medium at ignition location(s) Within the combustion chamber 202. Each of the opticalbeamguidancecomponents16isadditionallyconfig ured to include optics 17 for receiving light emissions from the flame 22, and subsequent detection by the flame sensor andcontroldiagnostics20. Duringoperation,thelightemissionfromatleastaportion oftheflames22may passthrougharespectiveopticalbeam guidance component 16 and may be focused, imaged, or transformed by the one or more optics 17 onto the at least one opticaldetector27housedWithineachoftheflamesensorand control diagnostics component 20. The multi-laser arrange mentdepictedinFIG.8providesforindividuallycontrollable laser emissions and a means in Which combustion parameters are measured for each of the individual laser beams 14 by selectivelydetectingspatial,temporal,and/orspectrallight emissions from each of the combustor burner flames 24. Accordingtoembodimentsoftheinvention,themeasured 25 combustion parameters may in turn be utiliZed to control various parameters of the internal combustion engine 200, including,butnotlimitedtofuelflowratesofeachindividual noZZle 30, fuel/air ratios, and fuel flow distributions to opti miZenitrousoxideemissions,dynamicpressureoscillations,30 and fuel efiiciencies. FIG.9isaschematicdiagramofalaserignitionsystem45 in accordance With another embodiment. lt should be noted thatdepictedarrangementinFIG.9ismerelyillustrative.The laserignitionsystem45isconfiguredgenerallysimilartothe35 laser ignition system 40, described in reference to FIG. 8, except in this exemplary embodiment, only a portion of the noZZles 30 are coupled to receive a laser beam 14 from a respectivelaserlightsource12.Moreparticularly,depictedin FIG.9isamulti-laserarrangementWhereinaportionofthe 40 plurality of noZZles 30, also referred to as active noZZles, are each configured in optical alignment With an optical beam guidance component 16, a laser light source 12, and a flame sensor and control diagnostics 20. Each of the active noZZles 30iscapableofreceivinganemittedlaserbeam14throughits45 respectiveopticalbeamguidancecomponent16.lnaddition, each of the optical beam guidance components 16 is config uredtoincludeoptics17forreceivingandtransmittinglight emissions from a respective flame 22, for subsequent detec tion by the flame sensor and control diagnostics 20. 10 each of the optical beam guidance components 16 is config uredtoincludeoptics17forreceivingandtransmittinglight emissions from a respective flame 22, for subsequent detec tion by a flame sensor and control diagnostics 20 via an electric poWer cable 52. Duringoperation,eachoftheopticalbeamguidancecom ponents 16 are configured to include optics 17 for transmit tingandfocusingthelaserbeam 14toWardthenoZZle30to Whichitiscoupledandforreceivinglightemissionsfromthe flame 22, for subsequent detection by the flame sensor and control diagnostics 20 to Which itis coupled. More specifi caly,duringthediagnosticphaseofoperation,thelightemis sionfromatleastaportionoftheflames22may passthrough thecoupledopticalbeamguidancecomponent16andmaybe focused, imaged, or transformed by the one or more optics 17 ontotheatleastoneopticaldetector27housedWithineachof the ignition controller 18 and the flame sensor and control diagnostics component 20. The multi-laser arrangement depicted in FIG. 10 provides for individually controllable laseremissionsandameans inWhichcombustionparameters are measured for each of the individual laser beams 14 by selectivelydetectingspatial,temporal,and/orspectrallight emissionsfromeachofthecombustorburnerflames22. According to embodiments of the invention, the measured combustionparametersmay inturnbeutiliZedtocontrol various parameters of the internal combustion engine 200, including,butnotlimitedtofuelflowratesofeachindividual noZZle 30, fuel/air ratios, and fuel flow distributions to opti miZenitrousoxideemissions,dynamicpressureoscillations, andfuelefficiencies. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a laser ignition system 55 inaccordancewithstilanotherembodimentoftheinvention. lt should be noted that depicted arrangement in FIG. 11 is merelyillustrative.Thelaserignitionsystem55isconfigured generallysimilartothelaserignitionsystem40,describedin referencetoFIG.8,exceptinthisexemplaryembodiment,the noZZles 30 are coupled to a single ignition controller 18 and a single flame sensor and control diagnostic component 20. More particularly, depicted in FIG. 11 is a multi-laser arrangementWhereineachofthenoZZles30isconfiguredin optical alignment With a respective optical beam guidance component 16. ln contrast to the previous embodiments, a single laser light source 12 is coupled to each of the optical beam guidance components 16 and configured to emit a laser beam14toeachrespectivenoZZle30.Furthermore,the noZZles 30 are coupled to a single flame sensor and control diagnosticcomponent20.lntheillustratedarrangement,the flame sensor and control diagnostics 20 may be may be housedintegralWiththeignitioncontroller18(asillustrated). Alternatively,theflamesensorandcontroldiagnostic20may be placed or mounted adjacent to the combustion chamber 202andformedseparatefromtheignitioncontroller18.Each ofthenoZZles30iscapableofreceivinganemittedlaserbeam 14 via a beam distribution unit 56 from the at least one laser lightsource12andthroughtherespectiveopticalbeamguid ance component 16. ln addition, each of the optical beam guidance components 16 is configured to include optics 17 forreceivingandtransmittinglightemissionsfromarespec tive fiame 22, for subsequent detection by the flame sensor andcontroldiagnostics20viaanelectricpoWercable52. US 8,689,536B2 50 FIG.10isaschematicdiagramofalaserignitionsystem50 inaccordanceWithyetanotherembodiment oftheinvention. lt should be noted that depicted arrangement in FIG. 10 is merelyillustrative.Thelaserignitionsystem50isconfigured generallysimilartothelaserignitionsystem40,describedin55 reference to FIG. 8, except in this exemplary embodiment, a plurality of noZZles 30 are coupled to a ignition controller 18 and a flame sensor and control diagnostic component 20. More particularly, depicted in FIG. 10 is a multi-laser arrangementWhereineachofthenoZZles30isconfiguredin 60 opticalalignmentWithanopticalbeamguidancecomponent Duringoperation,eachoftheopticalbeamguidancecom 16 and a laser light source 12. ln contrast to the previous embodiments, a plurality of the noZZles 30 are coupled to a single flame sensor and control diagnostic component 20. EachofthenoZZles30iscapableofreceivinganemittedlaser 65 beam 14fromarespectivelaserlightsource12andthrougha respectiveopticalbeamguidancecomponent16.lnaddition, ponents 16 are configured to include optics 17 for transmit tingandfocusingthelaserbeam 14toWardthenoZZle30to Whichitiscoupledandforreceivinglightemissionsfromthe flame22,forsubsequentdetectionbytheflamesensorand control diagnostics 20 to Which itis coupled. More specifi caly,duringthediagnosticphaseofoperation,thelightemisPDF Image | Laser Ignition System
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