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13 relightcapabilities,andimprovedcombustioncontrol,thus fiame stability, at very lean conditions. While the disclosure has been illustrated and described in typical embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the details shoWn, since various modifications and substitutions can be made Without departing in any Way from the spirit of the present disclosure. As such, further modifications and equivalentsofthedisclosurehereindisclosedmay occurto persons skilled in the art using no more than routine experi mentation, and all such modifications and equivalents are believed to be Within the spirit and scope of the disclosure as definedbythesubsequentclaims. What isclaimedis: 1. A laser ignition system for an internal combustion engine including a combustion chamber, the laser ignition systemcomprising: at least one laser light source configured to generate a laser beam,Whereinthelaserbeamistransmittedalongapath extendingfromtheatleastonelaserlightsourcedirectly to the combustion chamber; and an optical beam guidance component configured to trans mit the laser beam to irradiate on an oxygenated fuel mixture supplied into the combustion chamber at a regionofhighestignitabilitytogenerateacombustor fiame in a fiame region, Wherein the optical beam guid ance component is configured to provide mechanical alignment of the at least one laser light source and an ignitionportformedinacombustorWallofthecombus torchamberandtocooperativelytransmitalightemis sion from the combustor fiame along a same path as the laserbeam; and a fiame sensor and control diagnostic component housed integral With the at least one laser light source and con figuredtodetectatleastaportionofthelightemission and operable to control one or more combustion param eters based in part on the detected light emission. 2.Thelaserignitionsystemofclaim1,Whereintheoptical beam guidance component is configured to guide the laser beam inapluralityofdirections. 3.Thelaserignitionsystemofclaim1,Whereintheoptical beam guidance component includes one ormore ofa diffrac tivecomponent,aprism,amirror,anoptoacousticsWitch,and apolarization-basedoptics. 25 30 35 40 14 eachofthepluralityofcombustorcupsisinopticalalignment With one of the plurality of optical beam guidance compo nents. 11.Thelaserignitionsystemofclaim10,furthercompris ing a plurality of laser light sources and Wherein each of the plurality of a laser light sources is coupled to one of the pluralityofopticalbeamguidancecomponents. 12.Thelaserignitionsystemofclaim10,furthercompris ingapluralityofignitioncontrollersandWhereineachofthe plurality of a laser light sources is coupled to one of the pluralityofignitioncontrollers. 13.Thelaserignitionsystemofclaim10,furthercompris ing a plurality of ignition controllers and Wherein each of a pluralityofignitioncontrollersiscoupledtotWo ormore laser lightsources. 14. The laser ignition system of claim 10, Wherein each of thepluralityofopticalbeamguidancecomponentsiscoupled toabeam distributionunit,theatleastonelaserlightsource, an ignition controller and at least one fiame sensor and control diagnosticcomponent. 15. The laser ignition system of claim 1, Wherein the at least one laser light source is configured to optimiZe a time profileoftheatleastonelaserbeam togenerateaninitiallaser pulsesparkhavingashort,highintensitypeakandsubse quentlyheatingageneratedfiamekernelWithalongerloWer intensitytailofthelaserbeam pulse. 16. The laser ignition system of claim 1, Wherein the at least one laser light source is configured to optimiZe a pulse trainoftheatleastonelaserbeamtoextendadurationofa laser pulse spark and enhance energy transfer to the laser pulsesparkandanassociatedflamekernel. 17. The laser ignition system of claim 1, Wherein the at leastonelaserlightsourceisconfiguredtooptimiZeaspatial pulseshapeoftheatleastonelaserbeam. 18.Thelaserignitionsystemofclaim1,furthercomprising a closed loop ignition control to measure fiame kernel emis sivityandfiameemissivitytoadapttheatleastonelaserlight source to minimize energy demand. 19.Thelaserignitionsystemofclaim1,Whereintheinter nalcombustionengineisaturbineengine. 20. A method for igniting a fuel mixture in an internal combustionengine,themethodcomprising: generating at least one laser beam With at least one laser lightsource,Whereinthelaserbeamistransmittedalong a path extending from the at least one laser light source directly to a combustion chamber of the internal com bustionengine; transmittingtheatleastone laserbeam throughatleastone optical beam guidance component to focus the at least one laser beam on the fuel mixture supplied into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine at a region of highest ignitability, Wherein the optical beam guidance component is configured to provide mechanical alignment of the at least one laser light source and an ignition port formed in a combustor Wall of the combustion chamber and to cooperatively trans mit a light emission from a combustor fiame along a same path as the laser beam; igniting the fuel mixture With the focused laser beam to generate the combustor fiame in a fiame region; transmittingthelightemissionfromthecombustorfiame throughtheopticalbeamguidancecomponent; detecting at least a portion of the light emission from the combustor fiame in a fiame sensor and a control diag nostic component housed integral With the at least one laserlightsource;and 4.Thelaserignitionsystemofclaim1,Whereintheregion 45 ofhighestigmtabilityisproximatearecirculationZoneinside the combustion chamber. 5.Thelaserignitionsystemofclaim4,Whereintheregion ofhighestignitabilityisproximateashearlayeronaborderof the recirculation Zone. 50 6. The laser ignition system of claim 1, Wherein the laser lightsourceincludesapump laserlightsourceconfiguredto emitapump light,Whereinaportionoftheemittedpump light is extracted from a laser cavity and guided into the combus tionchamber. 55 7.Thelaserignitionsystemofclaim6,Whereintheportion of the emitted pump light that is extracted from the laser cavityisnearinfraredlight. 8.Thelaserignitionsystemofclaim6,Whereintheportion of the emitted pump light that is extracted from the laser 60 cavity is light having a Wavelength of up to 400 nm. 9. The laser ignition system of claim 1, Wherein the com bustion chamber further comprises a plurality of combustor cups,Whereinatleastaportionofthepluralityofcombustor cups are active. 65 10.Thelaserignitionsystemofclaim9,furthercomprising apluralityofopticalbeamguidancecomponentsandWherein US 8,689,536B2PDF Image | Laser Ignition System
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