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R1 R2/ US 7,9l0,078B2 34 necessarily present the most optimum scenario for the pro cess. Further, since the amines Which are required for formu lationaretypicallythosethatarecommerciallyavailable,the scopeforoptimizationistherebylimitingtoexistingamines. There is a need for developing an ef?cient and cost effec tivemethodforcapturingorremovingCO2 fromgasstreams. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Ithas been found that certain amino 2-butanol compounds are highly effective reagents for removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from gas streams. FIG. 2 shoWs a graph illustrating the solubility of CO2 in MEA, 4-(diethylamino)-2-butanol, 4-isopropylamino-2-bu tanol and 4-(piperidino)-2-butanol at 40° C. and 80° C. FIG.3shoWsagraphillustratingthesolubilityofCO2 in MEA, 4-propylamino-2-butanol and 4-(ethyl-methyl amino)-2-butanol at 40° C. and 80° C. FIG.4shoWsagraphillustratingthecycliccapacityandthe effectoftemperatureonthesolubilityofCO2 inMEA, 4-(di ethylamino)-2-butanol, 4-isopropylamino-2-butanol and 4-(piperidino)-2-butanol at 40° C., 60° C. and 80° C. FIG.5shoWsagraphillustratingthecycliccapacityandthe effectoftemperatureonthesolubilityofCO2 inMEA, 4-pro pylamino-2-butanol and 4-(ethyl-methyl-amino)-2-butanol at 40° C., 60° C. and 80° C. Accordingly, the present invention includes a method for removing CO2 from a gas stream comprising contacting the gas stream With a liquid absorbent comprising an amino alco holoftheformulaI: DETAILEDDESCRIPTIONOFTHEINVENTION wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from H and Cl_loalkyl, or R1 and R2 are linked to form a 5 to l2-membered carbocyclic ringsystem,underconditionsforabsorptionofCO2bythe30 absorbentandthereby,removalofCO2 fromthegasstream. In an embodiment of the present invention, the amino alcohol of formula I is selected from 4-(diethylamino)-2 butanol;4-(piperidino)-2-butanol;4-propylamino-2-butanol, 4-isopropylamino-2-butanoland4-(ethyl-methyl-amino)-2 35 butanol. Inafurtherembodiment theliquidabsorbentfurthercom prises a solvent. ThepresentinventionalsoincludesCO2absorbers,absorp 40 tion columns and absorption toWers comprising a liquid absorbent as de?ned above. As shoWn hereinafter in the experimental examples, the liquid absorbents comprising the amino alcohol of the for mulaIasde?nedaboveprovidefarsuperiorCO2absorption 45 and cyclic capacity, including the ease of stripping of CO2 from the absorbent, than the conventionally used amine, monoethanolamine, MEA. OtherfeaturesandadvantagesofthepresentinventionWill becomeapparentfromthefolloWingdetaileddescription.It50 shouldbeunderstood,hoWever,thatthedetaileddescription andthespeci?cexamplesWhileindicatingpreferredembodi ments oftheinventionaregivenby Way ofillustrationonly, sincevariouschangesandmodi?cationsWithinthespiritand scopeoftheinventionWillbecomeapparenttothoseskilledin55 theartfromthisdetaileddescription. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS TheinventionWillnoWbedescribedinrelationtothe60 draWingsinWhich: FIG. 1 shoWs a schematic diagram of the apparatus for evaluatingtheperformanceofaminoalcoholsonCO2absorp tioncapacity,alsoreferredtoasCO2 solubility(Lee,J.I., Otto,F.D.andMather,A.E.,“EquilibriumbetWeenCarbon65 Dioxide and Aqueous Monoethanolamine Solutions”, J. Appl. Chem. Biotechnol., Vol. 26, pp. 541-549, 1976). (I) OH (I)20 25 IthasbeendemonstratedthatbyWay ofrationalmolecular designandplacementoffunctionalgroups,novelaminoalco holsforpromotingCO2 capturecanbedeveloped.Ithasbeen shoWn that the placement of functional groups Within the amino alcohols affects the performance ofthe amino alcohols inCO2 capturing.Thus,ithasbeenshoWnthatthereisa structure-performancerelationshipbetWeenaminoalcohols andCO2 capturing.Thedataobtainedfromthespeciationand kinetic studies on the interaction of the amino alcohols With CO2 asWellasfromtheevaluationoftheperformanceofthe amino alcohols in liquid absorbents provide a basis for struc turalre?nementandoptimizationofsyntheticaminoalco hols. Ithas been shoWn that certain amino 2-butanol com pounds arehighlyeffectivereagentsforcapturingCO2 from gas streams. Desirable characteristics ofthese amino alcohols include their capacity to absorb a large amount of CO2 per unitmoleandtopermittheseparationofCO2andtherecov ery of the absorbing solution With a loW amount of heat energy. Accordingly, the present invention includes a method for removing CO2 from a gas stream comprising contacting the gasstreamWithaliquidabsorbentcomprisinganaminoalco hol of the formula I: R1 R2/ wherein R1andR2areindependentlyselectedfromH andC1_l0alkyl, or R1 and R2 are linked to form a 5 to l2-membered carbocyclic ring system under conditions for absorption of CO2 by the absorbentandthereby,removalofCO2fromthegasstream. Theterms“capture”,“capturing”,“removal”and“remov ing”astheyapplytoCO2 ingasstreamsareusedinterchange ablyherein.As usedherein,thesetermsrefertoprocessesthat provideanymeasurablereductioninthelevelsofCO2 inagas stream. It is an embodiment of the invention that the amino alco hols of the formula I include those in which R1 and R2 are independently selected from H and Cl_6alkyl. In a further embodiment ofthe invention, R1 and R2 inthe amino alcohol oftheformulaIareindependentlyselectedfromH and Cl_4alkyl. The term “alkyl” includes straight and branched chainsaturatedandunsaturatedalkylgroups.When unsatur OHPDF Image | METHOD OF CAPTURING CARBON DIOXIDE FROM GAS STREAMS
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