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US 7,146,999 B2 12 MODULAR FLUID HANDLING DEVICE FIELDOF THE INVENTION This document concerns an invention relating generally to devices for processing and sampling of gases and liquids, and more speci?cally to devices alloWing rapid construction of ?uid reactors, distillers, extractors, homogenizers, ?ltra tion/separation devices, process models (e.g., for modeling engine cycles, refrigeration cycles, etc.), and other devices for handling ?uids. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION teselatingregularpolygons(e.g.,hexagons,squares,etc.), Whereby a series of identical blocks 100 may be ?t together inside-to-siderelationshiptoformanarrayofblocks100 Without spaces therebetWeen. The blocks 100 may also be vertically stacked to form multiple levels, and at any vertical level, blocks 100 may be horizontally arrayed as Well. Each block 100 includes a central bore 106 extending betWeen the block faces 102, With the central bore 106 providing an enlarged space for reaction, distillation, ?uid storage, or other purposes. Within each block 100, channels 108 also extend into the block sides 104 and intersect With the central bore 106, With the channels 108 thereby alloWing ?uid to communicate betWeen the central bores 106 of adjacent blocks 100. As Will be evident from the folloWing discus sion, the blocks 100 may be rapidly horizontally and/or vertically a?ixed With their channels 108 and/or bores 106 in communication to form a ?uid handling device having the desired con?guration (e.g., With the channels 108 and bores 106formingadesiredprocess?oWpath,?uidcircuit,orthe Fluidhandlingdevicesconsistingoffermenters,distilers, ?ltration tanks, evaporators, etc. (or combinations of these components) are exceedingly common in industry and in research labs. Researchers and engineers also often need to experiment With models for common thermodynamic cycles,e.g.,refrigerationcycles(vaporcompressioncycle,20 like).Inserts110(shoWninFIG.2as110a,110b,1100,and Einstein cycle, etc.) and poWer cycles (Otto cycle, Diesel cycle, Brayton cycle, Rankine cycle, etc.). While it is often desirable to generate prototypes or small-scale versions of such devices, they are usually time-consuming, di?icult, and expensivetoconstruct.Oneapproachcommonlyusedin25 ments,pumps,sensors,orotherequipment,sothatablock laboratories is to connect glassWare vessels (e.g., ?asks, toWers, heat exchangers, etc.) With rubber tubing so that the vessels form some desired ?uid process model, but even apartfromthesigni?canttimeandexpenserequiredfortheir construction, these are quite fragile, are unsuitable for 30 bores106andchannels108ofadjacentblocks100,orcould pressurized processes, and are also usually unsuitable for processes involving extreme temperatures or corrosive materials (oWing to the Weakness of the tubing). In some cases, more durable ?uid handling devices can be formed frommetalvesselsconnectedWith(forexample)brazed35 insert110?tthereincannotrotateintheblock100,andthus coppertubing,buttheseinvolveevengreatertime,cost,and fabrication burdens. Some systems(suchasthatofUs. Pat.No. 5,841,036to Mayeaux) and standards (ANSI/ISA-76.00.02-2002) have beendevelopedinanattempttoreducetheseshortcomings 40 extendfromthecentralbores106atequalangularintervals of ?uid handling devices. HoWever, prior efforts have thus far not resulted in ?uid handling devices Which can be rapidly assembled in nearly unlimited con?gurations, Which can be used across a Wide range of temperatures and pressures,andWhicharerelativelyinexpensive. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION (i.e., at every 60 degrees about the hexagonal blocks 100). As a result, the channels 108 in adjacent blocks 100 are automatically aligned When multiple blocks 100 are placed inanabuttinghorizontalarray.Additionally,eachchannel 45 108preferablyextendsbetWeenopposingblocksides104so that itcan be used for ?uid throughput from one block side 104totheother,oralternativelyachannel108canbeused to simply communicate ?uid to the central bore 106 ifthe channel 108 is plugged at one of its sides (as by an insert 110 The invention involves a modular ?uid handling device Which is intended to at least partially solve the aforemen 50 blocking ?oW into one of the channel sides, as Will be tioned problems. To give the reader a basic understanding of some of the advantageous features of the invention, folloW ingisabriefsummary ofpreferredversionsofthe?uid handling device. As this is merely a summary, it should be understoodthatmoredetailsregardingthepreferredver 55 tionsdesiredbytheuser.FloWcanalsobeblockedfrom sions may be found in the Detailed Description set forth elseWhere in this document. The claims set forth at the end of this document then de?ne the various versions of the invention in Which exclusive rights are secured. LookingtotheaccompanyingFIGS.1and2foran60 sides104oftheblock100. exemplary version of the modular ?uid handling device, the device includes at least one block, depicted at 100 in FIG. 1 and at 10011, 100b, 1000, and 100d in FIG. 2 (though these Willbecollectivelyreferredtoasblock100).Eachblock100 hasablocktopface102,anopposingblockbottomface(not65 Further,tobetteravoidleakagefromchannels108atthe visible in the draWings), and a series of block sides 104 junctures betWeen adjoining blocks 100, the ends of the therebetWeen. The block faces 102 are preferably shaped as channels 108 preferably include countersunk depressions 110d, Which Will also be collectively referred to as 110) can then be complementarily ?t Within the bores 106 of selected blocks 100. These inserts 110 can bear components such as valves, ?lters, turbines or stirrers, heating or cooling ele 100 can be adapted to ful?ll desired purposes by simply installing the desired inserts 110. Inserts 110 could also or alternativelysimplycontaininsertpassages112orientedin desireddirectionstodirect?uid?oW asdesiredbetWeenthe simply contain empty chambers for storage, accumulation, distillation/precipitationprocesses, etc. The central bore 106 (and any insert 110 received therein) preferably has a polygonal cross-sectional area so that an an insert 110 Will maintain any desired orientation With respect to the bores 106 and/or With respect to selected channels108oftheblock100.Asforthechannels108,these arepreferablycentrallylocatedintheirblocksides104,and discussed beloW). Thus, a user can array the blocks 100 both horizontally (With communicating channels 108) and verti cally(Withcommunicatingcentralbores106)toeffectively create a netWork of passages having lengths and con?gura certain channels 108 (or bores 106) by the use of an appropriate insert 110, as exempli?ed by the insert 110 of FIG. 1, Which only alloWs ?uid communication betWeen the large-diameter channels 108 extending through opposing To better tailor ?uid throughput to desired levels, itis also useful to have at least some differently-sized channels 108 in each block 100, as illustrated by the channels 108 of large, medium, and small diameter in the block 100 of FIG. 1.PDF Image | MODULAR FLUID HANDLING DEVICE Giese
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