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US 2011/0005237A1 Jan.13,2011 OILREMOVALFROMATURBINEOFAN ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE (ORC) SYSTEM BACKGROUND [0001] Thepresentdisclosurerelatestoanorganicrankine cycle (ORC) system. More particularly, the present disclo surerelatestoanimprovedmethodandsystemforrecovering oilfromaturbineofanORC system. [0002] Rankinecyclesystemsarecommonlyusedforgen eratingelectricalpoWer.Therankinecyclesystemincludesan evaporator or a boiler for evaporation of a motive ?uid, a turbine that receives the vapor from the evaporator to drive a generator, a condenser for condensing the vapor, and a pump orothermeans forrecyclingthecondensed?uidtotheevapo rator.Themotive?uidinrankinecyclesystemsisoftenWater, andtheturbineisthusdrivenbysteam.An organicrankine cycle (ORC) system operates similarly to a traditional rank inecycle,exceptthatanORC systemusesanorganic?uid, instead of Water, as the motive ?uid. [0003] OilmaybeusedforlubricationintheORCsystem, particularly inside the turbine. For example, oil provides lubricationforthebearingsoftheturbine.Duringoperation oftheORC system,theoilmaymigratetoareasoftheORC system Where the oil is not desired, such as an area surround ing an impeller ofthe turbine. During a startup ofthe ORC system,itmay bedif?culttorecovertheoilfromtheseundes iredareas.Insome cases,theunrecoverableoilmay resultin failedstartupsoftheORC system. [0004] Thereisaneedforanimprovedmethodandsystem forremovingtheoilfromtheturbineduringthestartupofthe ORC system. SUMMARY [0005] Anoil-removalsystemisusedinanorganicrankine cycle(ORC) systemtopreventfailures,particularlyduring startup, by removing oil from inside a turbine ofthe ORC system. The oil-removal system includes an eductor line located upstream of the turbine and con?gured to receive a portion of a refrigerant exiting an evaporator of the ORC system. The eductor line delivers the refrigerant to an eductor system, Which removes the oil from an area surrounding an impelleroftheturbineanddeliverstheoilbacktoanoilsump. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0006] FIG.1isaschematicofanorganicrankinecycle (ORC) system,includingaturbineandaneductorsystemfor removing oil from the turbine. [0007] FIG.2isaschematicoftheturbineandtheeductor system of FIG. 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0008] Anorganicrankinecycle(ORC)systemmaybe usedtogenerateelectricalpoWer. OilisusedWithintheORC system to provide lubrication for various pieces of equip ment,particularlyinsideaturbineoftheORC system.Asthe ORC isoperating,hoWever,theoilmaytraveltootherareasof the turbine Where the oil isnot needed, and in some cases, the oil may be destructive to some of the equipment. Moreover, Whenthesystemisstartingup,ifthereisoilincertainareasof theturbine,suchastheimpeller,theoilmay resultinasystem failure. This disclosure focuses on a method and system for effectivelyremovingtheoilfromtheturbineduringastartup oftheORC system. [0009] FIG.1isaschematicofORCsystem10,Which includescondenser12,pump 14,evaporator16,turbine18, and eductor system 20 connected to turbine 18. Refrigerant 22 circulates through system 10 and is used to generate elec tricalpoWer.Liquidrefrigerant22afromcondenser12passes throughpump 14,resultinginanincreaseinpressure.High pressure liquid refrigerant 22a enters evaporator 16, Which utiliZes heat source 24 to vaporiZe refrigerant 22. Heat source 24may include,butisnotlimitedto,anytypeofWasteheat, including fuel cels, microturbines, and reciprocating engines, and other types of heat sources such as solar, geo thermal or Waste gas. Refrigerant 22 exiting evaporator 16 is avaporiZedrefrigerant(22b),atWhichpointitpassesthrough turbine inlet valve 26 and into turbine 18. VaporiZed refrig erant 22b is used to drive turbine 18, Which in turn poWers generator 28 such that generator 28 produces electrical poWer. VaporiZed refrigerant 22b exiting turbine 18 is returnedtocondenser12,Whereitiscondensedbacktoliquid refrigerant 22a. Heat sink 30 is used to provide cooling Water to condenser 12. [0010] Eductorsystem20isconnectedtoturbine18andis con?gured to remove oil from those areas of turbine 18 Where itmay commonly collect.As explainedinmore detailbeloW in reference to FIG. 2, eductor line 32 receives a portion of vaporiZed refrigerant 22b ?oWing from evaporator 16 and delivers refrigerant 22b to eductor system 20. [0011] AsshoWninFIG.1,ORCsystem10alsoincludes bypass valve 36 and bypass line 38, Which may be used to preventrefrigerant22bfrompassingthroughturbine18dur ing a startup. During a startup of system 10, turbine 18 tem porarily runs in a bypass mode, at Which time it does not receive any refrigerant, in order to reach the predetermined operating conditions (i.e. temperature and pressure) for tur bine18.Inthatcase,refrigerant22b?oWsthroughbypassline 38 and is directed through bypass ori?ce 39 to increase a temperature of refrigerant 22b, and imitate operating condi tions inside turbine 18. After passing through bypass ori?ce 39, refrigerant 22b is directed to condenser 12. In some embodiments, bypass valve 36 is closed When turbine inlet valve 26 is open, and vice versa. [0012] FIG.2isaschematicofaportionofORCsystem10 fromFIG.1,includingturbine18,eductorsystem20,eductor line32,turbineinletvalve26,generator28,bypassvalve36, and bypass line 38. Turbine 18 includes impeller 40, dis chargehousing42,andhighpressurevolute44.(Volute44is designated as “high pressure volute” since the volute is at high pressure When turbine 18 isoperating. HoWever, volute 44isatloWpressureWhen system10andturbine18areinthe bypass mode during startup.) During an operational mode of turbine 18, vaporiZed refrigerant 22b (from evaporator 16) passesthroughinletvalve26intohighpressurevolute44,and thenthroughnoZZles46,Whichimpartmotiveforcetoimpel ler 40 to drive shaft 48 inside gear box 50. Gears 52 connect drive shaft 48 to generator 28, Which uses the shaft energy to generateelectricalpoWer.Gearbox50alsoincludesbearings 54,oilsump 56,andoilpump 58. [0013] Eductorline32islocatedupstreamofturbineinlet valve26,andiscon?guredtoreceiveaportionofvaporiZed refrigerant22bexitingevaporator16(and?oWingtoturbine 18). Line 32 then delivers refrigerant 22b to eductor system 20,Whichiscon?guredtoremoveliquid(primarilyoil)from turbine 18. In the embodiment shoWn in FIG. 2, eductor linePDF Image | OIL REMOVAL FROM A TURBINE OF AN ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE
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