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US 7,013,644 B2 34 Theexhaustgases,afterpassingthroughtheturbocharger 17, pass through an evaporator 19, Which transfers Waste heat from the exhaust gases to the multi-phase Working ?uid oftheORC Whereitissuperheated. We claim: 1.An energy recovery system of the type Wherein heat is extracted from an engine by refrigerant passing through an heatexchangerofanorganicrankinecyclesystem,com Inadditiontotheevaporator19,theORCincludesa5 prising: turbine 21, a condenser 22 and a pump 23. The turbine 21 receives the superheated refrigerant gas along line 24 from the evaporator 19 and responsively drives a generator 26. The resulting loW energy vapor then passes along line 27 to the condenser 22 to be condensed to a liquid form by the 10 cooling effect of fans 28 passing ambient air thereover. The resulting liquid refrigerant then passes along line 29 to the pump 23 Which causes the liquid refrigerant to circulate through the engine 11 to thereby generate high pressure vapor for driving the turbine 21, While at the same time 15 cooling the engine 11. Both the fans 28 and the pump 23 are driven by electrical poWer from the grid 31. As Will be seen in FIG. 1, relatively cool liquid refrigerant from the pump 23 passes sequentially through ever increas ingtemperaturecomponentsoftheengine11forproviding20 acoolingfunctionthereto.Thatis,itpasses?rstthroughthe charge cooler 18, Where the temperature of the liquid refrigerant is raised from about 100° to 130°, after Which it passes to the heat exchanger 14, Where the refrigerant temperatureisraisedfrom130°to150°,afterWhichis25 passes to an oil cooler 16 Where the refrigerant temperature is raised from 150° to 170°. Finally, it passes through the evaporator 19 Where the liquid is further preheated before being evaporated and superheated prior to passing on to the turbine 21. a single heat exchanger for transferring heat from said engine to an organic rankine cycle ?uid ?oWing through said heat exchanger; a turbine for receiving said heated ?uid from said heat exchanger and for transferring a thermal energy to motive poWer, With said ?uid being cooled in process; a condenser for receiving said cooled ?uid and for further cooling said ?uid to cause itto change to a liquid state; a circulation means for receiving said liquid refrigerant and circulating it to said single heat exchanger; Wherein said single heat exchanger is adapted to transfer heat from a plurality of sources Within said engine. 2.Asystem assetforthinclaim1Whereinsaidsingleheat exchanger is adapted to conduct the ?oW of tWo different engine?uidstherethrough. 3.Asystem assetforthinclaim2Whereinsaidsingleheat exchanger is so adapted as to have engine coolant passing therethrough. 4.Asystem assetforthinclaim2Whereinsaidsingleheat exchangerissoadaptedastohaveenginelubricantpassing therethrough. 5.A systemassetforthinclaim2Whereinthe?oWofsaid tWo different engine ?uids is in the same direction through saidsingleheatexchanger. 6.Asystemassetforthinclaim5WhereinsaidORC ?oW is in a direction opposite to said tWo different engine ?uid ?oWs. 7.Asystem assetforthinclaim2Whereinthetemperature of said tWo different engine ?uids are in the range of -to-|:| F. 8. A system as set forth in claim 2 Wherein said tWo different engine ?uids comprise an engine coolant and an engine lubricant. 9.A methodofoperatingaWasteheatrecoverysystem having an organic rankine cycle With its motive ?uid in heat exchangerelationshipWithrelativelyhot?uidsofanengine, comprising the steps of: circulating a relatively cool motive ?uid from a condenser of said organic rankine cycle through at least one heat exchanger; circulating a plurality of relatively hot ?uids from said engine through said at least one heat exchanger to thereby heat said motive ?uid and cool said plurality of ?uids; circulate said heated motive ?uid through a turbine for providing motive poWer thereto While cooling said motive ?uid; circulating said cooled motive ?uid to said condenser; and circulating said plurality of cooled engine ?uids back to saidengine. 10.A methodassetforthinclaim9Whereinsaidstepof circulating a plurality of relatively hot ?uids includes the step of circulating engine coolant through said at least one heatexchanger. 11.A methodassetforthinclaim9Whereinsaidstepof circulating a plurality of relatively hot ?uids includes the stepofcirculatingenginelubricantthroughsaidatleastone heatexchanger. 12.A methodassetforthinclaim9Whereinsaidatleast one heat exchanger comprises a single heat exchanger and further Wherein said step of circulating a plurality of rela RecognizingnoW thatthereplacementofeachofthefour heat exchangers in a conventional turbocharged reciprocat ing engine can be relatively expensive, an alternative, cost saving, approach is shoWn in FIG. 2 Wherein the functions of tWo of the heat exchangers are combined into a single heat exchanger 31. The heat exchanger has three compartments 32, 33 and 34 as shoWn. Compartments 32 and 34 are adapted for the simultaneous ?oW of the respective engine coolant and engine sump oil in the same direction as shoWn. The ORC Working ?uid on the other hand, ?oWs in a counter?oW direction Within the compartment 33 such that the heat from each of the engine coolant and engine sump oil are simultaneously transferred to the ORC Working ?uid. Such a combined function is made possible by the fact that the engine coolant and the engine sump oil are at about the same temperature (i.e. in the range of 160 to 200° The ORC Working?uidisatatemperatureofaround130coming into the heat exchanger 31 and after passing therethrough Will be in the range of 170. In this Way, a single heat exchangercanreplacetherelativelylargeliquid-to-airheat exchangers and their associated fans With considerable reduction in cost. As described hereinabove, the speci?c combination of heat exchangers are to be designed to get the loWest cost per unit poWer generated by the combined engine/ORC system by maximiZing the heat exchanger siZe to reduce cost While minimiZingengineintaketemperatureandmaximiZingORC ?uid temperature to improve the engine and ORC cycle e?iciencies. While the invention has been shoWn and described With respect to a preferred embodiment thereof, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and various other changes, omissions and additions in the form of a detail thereof made be made Without departing from the true sprit and scope of the invention as set forth in the folloWingclaims. 30 35 40 45 55 60 65PDF Image | ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE SYSTEM WITH SHARED HEAT EXCHANGER
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