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US 2004/0088985 A1 May 13,2004 [0047] While the present invention has been particularly shown and described With reference to preferred and alter nate embodiments as illustrated in the drawings, it Will be understood by one skilled in the art that various changes in detail may be effected therein Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as de?ned by the claims. We claim: 1.Amethod ofoperatinganorganicrankinecyclesystem Whereinapump isusedtocirculateliquidrefrigeranttoan evaporator Where heat is introduced to the refrigerant to convert it to vapor, With the vapor then passing ?rst through a plurality of noZZles and then through a turbine, With the resulting cooled vapor then passing through a condenser for condensing the vapor to a liquid; Wherein the step of introducing heat to the refrigerant is by Way of extracting Waste heat from an engine and further Wherein said refrig erant is R-245fa. 2.A methodassetforthinclaim1Whereinsaidengineis an internal combustion engine. 3. A method as set forth in claim 2 Wherein the step of extracting heat from said internal combustion engine is accomplished by extracting heat from the exhaust gases leaving said internal combustion engine. 4. A method as set forth in claim 2 Wherein the step of extracting heat from the internal combustion engine is accomplished by extracting heat from the coolant ?oWing Within the said internal combustion engine. 5.A methodassetforthinclaim1Whereinsaidplurality of noZZles are of the vaned type. 6.A methodassetforthinclaim5Whereinsaidplurality of noZZles are de?ned at their boundaries by inner and outer radii R1 and R2 and further Wherein R2/R1>1.25. 7.A methodassetforthinclaim6Whereineachofsaid noZZles has a frustro conical cross sectional shape. 8.A methodassetforthinclaim1Whereinsaidvaporis introduced to the noZZles at pressures in the range of 180-300psia. 9.A methodassetforthinclaim1Whereinsaidvaporis introduced to the noZZles at temperatures in the range of 210-270° F. 10. A method as set forth in claim 1 including an addi tional step of condensing any vapor that exists at the outlet of said turbine. 11. A method as set forth in claim 10 Wherein said condenser isWater cooled. 12.A methodsetforthinclaim1Whereinsaidengineis a gas turbine engine. 13.An organicrankinecyclesystemofthetypehavingin serial ?oW relationship a pump, a boiler, a turbine and a condenser, Wherein said boiler is so disposed as to receive Waste heat from an engine and said turbine comprises: an arcuately disposed volute for receiving an organic refrigerant R-245a vapor medium from the boiler and forconductingtheHow ofsaidvaporradiallyinWardly; a plurality of noZZles circumferentially spaced and dis posed around the inner periphery of said volute for receiving a How of vapor therefrom and conducting it radialyinWardly, animpellerdisposedradiallyWithinsaidnoZZlessuchthat the radial in?oW of vapor from said noZZles impinges on the plurality of circumferentially spaced blades on said impeller to cause rotation of said impeller; and discharge ?oW means for conducting the How of vapor from said turbine to the condenser. 14.An organicrankinecyclesystemassetforthinclaim 13 Wherein said plurality of noZZles are of the vaned type. 15.An organicrankinecyclesystemassetforthinclaim 14 Wherein said noZZles are de?ned by radially inner and outer radii R1 and R2 and further Wherein R2/R1>1.25. 16.An organicrankinecyclesystemassetforthinclaim 13 Wherein the pressure of a vapor entering said volute is in the range of 130-330 psia. 17.An organicrankinecyclesystemassetforthinclaim 13 Wherein the saturation temperature of the vapor entering the volute is in the range of 210-270° F. 18.An organicrankinecyclesystemassetforthinclaim 13 Wherein the boiler receives heat from an internal com bustionengine. 19.An organicrankinecyclesystemassetforthinclaim 18 Wherein the heat derived from said internal combustion engine is derived from the exhaust thereof. 20.An organicrankinecyclesystemassetforthinclaim 18 Wherein the heat derived from said internal combustion engine is derived from its liquid coolant being circulated Within said internal combustion engine. 21.An organicrankinecyclesystemassetforthinclaim 13 Wherein said condenser is of the Water cooled type. 22.An organicrankinecyclesystemassetforthinclaim 13 Wherein said engine is a gas turbine engine. 23.An organicrankinecyclesystemassetforthinclaim 22 Wherein said plurality of noZZles are formed in a frustro conical cross sectional shape. 24. Arankine cycle system of the type having a pump, an evaporator, a turbine and an condenser connected in serial ?oW circuit relationship and including: an internal combustion engine Which generates heat that is given off both in its exhaust and through an internal coolantthatiscirculatedWithintheinternalcombustion engine; and means for connecting said internal combustion engine to the evaporator such that a substantial amount of heat is transferred from said internal combustion engine to the vapor ?oWing With said evaporator; Wherein said vapor comprises R-245fa. 25. A rankine cycle system as set forth in claim 24 Whereinsaidinternalcombustionengineisconnectedtosaid evaporator in such a Way as to transfer heat from said exhaust to said vapor. 26. A rankine cycle system as set forth in claim 25 Wherein the internal combustion engine is connected to the evaporatorinsuchaWay astoprovideforthetransferofheat from said internal combustion engine coolant to the vapor in saidevaporator.PDF Image | ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE WASTE HEAT APPLICATIONS
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