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US 8,128,735B1 56 gaseous streams When separation precedes combustion of a non-adsorbed component. Further, the method alloWs for CO2desorptioninaC02atmosphere,producingahighpurity, highpressureCO2 streamandreducingcompressionburdens Which might exist in sequestration and storage operations. ThemethodeffectivelylendsitselftoaC02 separationcycle Whereby necessary heat transfers Within the cycle are effec tivelyintegratedsuchthatoverallef?ciencyisoptimized,and H20 adsorptiondoesnotprecludeeffectiveoperationofthe sorbent. considered as mean values around Which variation may be expected to occur as a result of operational constraints. As used here, “adsorption isotherm”, means the relation shipbetWeenaC02 pressureandthemass ofCO2 gasorvapor taken up per mass of Zeolite sorbent at a constant temperature. As used here, the terms “indirect” or “indirectly” When applied to heat exchange means a process of heat transfer from a heat containing medium to a heat absorbing medium Without direct contact betWeen the tWo media involved. For example,heattransferfromsteamtoaZeolitesorbentthrough aheatexchangertubeseparatingthesteamandtheZeolite sorbent, or heat transfer from a Zeolite sorbent to a Water TheregenerationoftheCO2 loadedZeolitesorbentina C02 atmosphere is a novel aspect of the method disclosed herein.Adsorptionoccursundera?rsttemperatureanda?rst coolantthroughaheatexchangertubeseparatingtheZeolite CO2 pressurecondition,Wherethe?rstCO2 pressureisgen erally the partial pressure of CO2 in an input gas stream comprisedofCO2,H20,andothergaseousconstituents.Des orptionisprovokedbyheatingtheloadedZeolitesorbentina C02atmosphereofatleast90Wt% CO2,sothatregeneration occursatahigher,secondCO2pressure,sothataproductCO2 20 compositionproducedbyaWatergasshiftprocessorsteam stream of high purity and high pressure results. This is in marked contrast to standard temperature-swing adsorption processes, Which often produce a diluted product stream throughtheuseofaninertregenerationgasinordertoprovide pressureisincreasedduringtheregenerationprocessthrough ahightemperature,loWCO2pressureenvironmentfavorable 25 utiliZationofconcentratedCO2,asopposedtotypicalTSA todesorption. Similarly,thisisinmarked contrasttotypical cycles.Themethodmay beillustratedWithreferencetoFIGS. pressure-sWingadsorptionprocesses,Whichbynecessity 1Aand1B.AtFIG.1A,aprocessgasstream101comprises result in a product stream having a loWer CO2 pressure than an input gas stream 102 from Which CO2 isto be separated. theinputgasstream.Withinthenovelmethoddisclosedhere, The inputgas stream 102 isintroducedintoacapturevessel regenerationinanenvironmentofincreasedCO2pressure30 103containingabedoftheZeolitesorbent104.Theinputgas alloWsfortheproductionofahighpressure,highpurityCO2 streamWithoutthenecessityforfurtherseparationoperations or subsequent compression, greatly aiding subsequent stor ageandsequestrationoperations.Inaparticularembodiment, theCO2atmosphereisprovidedbyrecirculationoftheCO2 35 adsorptionisothermofZeolitesorbent104re?ectingadsorp productstream.Inanotherparticularembodiment,theinput gasstreamisfurthercomprisedofH20 andregenerationis conducted at a temperature at least 275° C., in order to desorb bothCO2 andH20 fromtheloadedZeolitesorbent,suchthat theZeolitesorbentmay beusedinacyclicmanner. The method disclosed herein may be particularly advanta geousinIGCC applicationsthatencompasspre-combustion separation of CO2 from shifted syngas. In a particular embodiment, the Zeolite sorbent adsorbs CO2 in a capture tion of gaseous C02. The ?rst temperature and the ?rst CO2 pressure may be of operational constraints. The acceptable magnitude of 40 variationofthe?rsttemperatureandthe?rstCO2pressure depends on the subsequent regeneration conditions utiliZed, as Will be explained infra. Thus, When the method speci?es maintaining a ?rst temperature or a ?rst CO2 pressure, itis understoodthatthisisintendedtoindicatemaintainingthese reactormaintainedatapproximately150°C.and280psig,45 parametersWithintheacceptablemagnitudeofvariation andtheZeolitesorbentisregeneratedandCO2 desorbedina >90mol% CO2atmosphereinaregenerationreactor,main tainedatapproximately350°C.and280psig.Thetempera ture and pressure range of this novel method reduces the negativeimpactonIGCCef?ciencyassociatedWithcooling50 WiththismethodincludeZeolite4A(e.g.,Na2OiAl2O3 the input shifted syngas stream to ambient, and produces a 2SiO2), Zeolite 5A (e.g., 0.7CaO-0.3Na2OiAl2O3-2SiO2 higherpressure,highpurityCO2streamaidingsubsequent 4.5H2O),andZeolite13X(e.g.,5Na2O-5Al2O3-14SiO2,Na,C CO2 storageandsequestrationoperations.Additionally,and [(AlO2)xi(SiO2)y]). The ?rst temperature and ?rst CO2 signi?cantly,themethodretainseffectivenessWhenH2O is pressuremaybeanymagnitude,providedthatthe?rsttem presentintheinputgasstream,eliminatingthepre-emptive55 peratureandthe?rstCO2pressurearerepresentativeofan dryingrequirementassociatedWithtypicalCO2 removal cycles. adsorptionconditionde?nedbytheadsorptionisothermof Zeolite sorbent 104 re?ecting adsorption of gaseous CO2. In a particularembodiment,the?rstCO2pressureexceeds70psig and the ?rst temperature exceeds 100° C. In anotherparticular As usedhere,“Zeolite”means crystallinealuminosillicates of alkali or alkali earth elements such as sodium, potassium, andcalcium,representedbythestochiometryMX/n[(AlO2),C60 embodiment,Zeolitesorbent104isZeolite13Xandtheinput (SiO2)y], Where x and y are integers With y/x equal to or gasstream102isshiftedsyngascomprisedCO2 andH20 ata greater than 1 and n is the valence of cation M. temperature of 120° C.-180° C. and a total pressure of 230 Asusedhere,“CO2pressure”meansthepartialpressureof 330psig,andtheinputgasstream102andtheZeolitesorbent CO2 inagaseousmixturehavingatotalpressureandcom 104arecontactedinthecapturevessel103ata?rsttempera prisedofCO2andWhichmaybecomprisedofadditional65 tureof120°C.-180°C.anda?rstCO2pressureinaccordance constituents.Further,Whenthemethodspeci?es“?rstCO2 WiththetotalpressureandCO2mol% ininputgasstream pressure”or“secondCO2 pressure,”inapplicationtheseare 102. sorbent and the Water coolant, and other similar arrange ments. As usedhere,theterm“shiftedsyngas”means acomposi tion produced by a process Which converts Water and carbon monoxide to hydrogen and carbon dioxide. For example, a reforming. The method disclosed herein is generally practiced as a cyclicalprocessofTSA, WiththenoveldistinctionthatCO2 stream 102 and the Zeolite sorbent 104 are contacted in the capture vessel 103 at a ?rst temperature and a ?rst CO2 pressure,Wherethe?rsttemperatureand?rstCO2 pressure are representative of an adsorption condition de?ned by an mean values around Which slightvariation occurs as a result aboutthemean value. Zeolite sorbent 104 may be any Zeolite sorbent Which adsorbsgaseousCO2 inaccordanceWithanadsorptioniso therm as de?ned herein. Exemplary Zeolite sorbents for usePDF Image | PROCESS FOR CO2 CAPTURE USING ZEOLITES
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