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US 7,062,900 B1 34 Itisstilanotherobjectofthepresentinventiontoprovide a gas turbine that is relatively lightweight but generates relativelyhighpoWer. It is another object of this invention to provide a gas turbine that is easy to manufacture and maintain. Further objects and advantages of the present invention Will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the folloWingdetaileddescriptiontakeninconjunctionWiththe annexed sheets of draWings, Which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention. as indicated by arroW 16. Persons skilled in the art Will appreciate that the various components of Wheel 20 and shroud 30 may be con?gured in a reciprocal manner to that shoWn in order to produce rotation in the opposite direction. Turbine blades 26 are preferably of the impulse type, but turbine blades 26 may also be of other knoWn types. The air ?oW exits gas turbine 10 radially as shoWn by arroW 14. Thus, there is no 180° ?oW turning as is required in conventional centrifugal gas turbines. The excess rotational energy (poWer) is absorbed by generator 40, Which is directly coupled to Wheel 20 or indirectly coupled to Wheel BRIEFDESCRIPTIONOFTHEDRAWINGS 20viaagear.Generator40alsoactsasastartermotorto support the turbine. FIG. 1 is a schematic side vieW of a single Wheel radial ?oW gasturbineinaccordanceWiththepresentinvention. FIG. 2 is an axial vieW of the rotating Wheel of the gas turbine of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an axial vieW of the stationary shroud of the gas turbine of FIG. 1. FIG.4isanaxialvieWoftherotatingWheelandthe20 stationary shroud of the gas turbine of FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a schematic axial vieW shoWing the general Alternatively, the rotating Wheel of the present invention may be divided into compressor and turbine sections and mounted on a planetary gearbox. In this alternative embodi ment, the compressor is geared to the turbine via the planetarygearboxtoalloWfordifferentrotationalspeedsof the turbine and the compressor. This con?guration alloWs for optimiZedspeedmatchingand/orcounter-rotatingblades but makes the construction more complex. Thus, it is seen that the present gas turbine 10 is a single Wheeled gas turbine comprising a centrifugal compressor 22 mounted on a rotating Wheel 20, a radial outWard ?oW combustor 34 and a noZZle 36 mounted on a stationary shroud30,andacentrifugalradiallyoutWard?oW turbine24 mounted on the rotating Wheel 20. The compressor 22 and the turbine 24 are located on the same side (the interior side) of the rotating Wheel 20, While the combustor 34 and the noZZle36aremountedonthestationaryshroud30.Gas turbine 10 thus comprises only tWo relatively easy to manu facture primary components: the rotating compressor-tur bineWheel20thatisdirectlycoupledtothegenerator/starter motor 40, and the combustor-noZZle shroud 30 that has all thedesiredutilityline(fuelandWater)connections.The compressor 22, combustor 34, noZZle 36, and turbine 24 sections are aerodynamically radial in line. A single Wheel radial ?oW gas turbine 10 in accordance With the present invention thus provides a number of advan tages,including:(1)amechanicallyverysimple,compact, and portable gas turbine With only one rotating part; (2) a short axial length With essentially no axial ?oW component; (3) no internal bearings or gears; (4) no lube oil cooling or seal bulfer gas requirements; (5) high tolerance to ingestion ofparticulatematter;(6)simpletWo-partconstructionWith loW manufacturing and maintenance costs; (7) capacity for a high volume of direct Water injection for signi?cant poWer augmentation; and (8) capability of running as a simple cycle gas turbine or in steam/gas turbine mixed ?oW mode. Assuch,thepresentsingleWheelradial?oWgasturbine10 is ideal for small portable prime mover applications used in rugged environments, such as oil and gas ?elds and military ?eldoperations. Although the foregoing speci?c details describe a pre ferred embodiment of this invention, persons reasonably skilledintheartWillrecogniZethatvariouschangesmaybe made inthedetailsofthisinventionWithoutdepartingfrom the spirit and scope of the invention as de?ned in the appended claims (as such claims may hereafter be amended).Therefore,itshouldbeunderstoodthatthis invention is not to be limited to the speci?c details shoWn and describedherein. I claim: 1.A radial?oW gasturbinecomprising: a rotatable Wheel having an interior side; acentrifugalcompressorsectiondisposedonsaidinterior side of said Wheel; direction of air?oW through the gas turbine of FIG. 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 25 Referring to FIG. 1, a single Wheel radial ?oW gas turbine 10 in accordance With the present invention comprises a rotororWheel20,Whichisconnectedtoagenerator/starter30 40 either directly or via a gear, and a stationary shroud 30. Wheel 20 is preferably in the form of a relatively thin disk. Fuel injector ducts 50 provide fuel into gas turbine 10 through shroud 30 via fuel injectors 52. Water injection ducts60mayalsobeprovidedtointroduceWaterthrough35 Water injection noZZles 62 radially doWnstream from fuel injector ducts 50. As discussed further beloW, air ?oWs into turbine 10 axially as indicated by arroW 12 and then ?oWs radially outWard as indicated by arroW 14. AsshoWninFIGS.1and2,rotatingWheel20hasa40 compressor section 22 With compressor blades 23 on its inner portion and a turbine section 24 With turbine blades 26 about its perimeter. As seen in FIGS. 1 and 3, stationary shroud 30 has a combustor section 34 and a noZZle section 36WithapluralityofnoZZlevanes32.Incombustorsection 45 34, multiple fuel injectors 52 are provided radially upstream from noZZle vanes 32. Optionally, one or more Water injec tion noZZles 62 may be provided radially outWard (doWn stream) from fuel injectors 52 for increased poWer. FIG. 4 shoWstherelationshipofcompressorsection22,combustor 50 section 34, noZZle section 36, and turbine section 24 When Wheel 20 and shroud 30 are assembled. ItWill be appreciated that FIGS. 2*4 are depicted from the same axial perspective as ifitWere possible to look through the structure of either Wheel 20 or shroud 30. ReferringtoFIGS. 1,4and5,air?oW entersthecen trifugal compressor 22 axially as shoWn by arroW 12, then the air is turned radially outWard through centrifugal com pressor22.From compressorsection22,theair?oW enters thestationaryradialcombustionsection34Whereitis60 heated using direct combustion via fuel injectors 52. If desired,WatermaybeinjectedthroughnoZZles62toachieve signi?cant poWer augmentation, NO,C reduction, and metal temperature moderation. Stationary noZZle vanes 32 of noZZlesection36thenturntheair?oW sharplytoWardthe 65 tangentialdirectionanddirecttheHow ontoturbineblades 26 of turbine section 24 in order to drive Wheel 20 in rotation 55PDF Image | SINGLE WHEEL RADIAL FLOW GAS TURBINE
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