PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 009
US 8,128,341 B2 12 STEAM TURBINE CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS ThisapplicationistheUS NationalStageofInternational Application No. PCT/EP2006/067717, ?led Oct. 24, 2006 and claims the bene?t thereof. The International Application claims the bene?ts of European application No. 050237601 ?ledOct.31,2005,bothoftheapplicationsareincorporated byreferencehereinintheirentirety. FIELD OF INVENTION The invention relates to a steam turbine With a casing, Wherein a turbine shaft, Which has a thrust compensating piston, is arranged in a rotatably mounted manner inside the casing and isoriented along a rotational axis, Wherein a How passage is formed betWeen the casing and the turbine shaft, WhereintheturbineshafthasacoolinglineWithinitfor20 guidingcoolingsteaminthedirectionoftherotationalaxis, andthecoolinglineisconnectedtoatleastonein?oW linefor in?oWofcoolingsteamfromtheHow passageintothecooling line. 25 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The use of steam at higher pressures and temperatures contributes to the increase of ef?ciency of a steam turbine. The use of steam With such a steam condition makes 30 increased demands on the corresponding steam turbine. Each turbine, or turbine section, Which is exposed to through-?ow of a Working medium in the form of steam, is understood by a steam turbine in the meaning of the present application.Incontrasttothis,gasturbinesareexposedto 35 through?oW by gas and/or air as Working medium, Which, hoWever, are subjected to entirely different temperature and pressure conditions than the steam in the case of a steam turbine. Unlike gas turbines, for example the Working mediumWhich?oWstoaturbinesectioninthecaseofsteam 40 turbines has the highest pressure simultaneously With the highesttemperature.An opencoolingsystem,asinthecaseof gas turbines, cannot be realiZed, therefore, Without external feed. A steam turbine customarily comprises a rotatably 45 mounted rotor Which is populated With blades and arranged insideacasingshell.WhentheHow space,Whichisformedby the casing shell, is exposed to through?oW With heated and pressurizedsteam,therotor,viatheblades,issetinrotation bymeansofthesteam.ThebladesWhichareattachedonthe 50 rotor are also referred to as rotor blades. Furthermore, sta tionary stator blades, Which engage in the interspaces of the rotor blades, are customarily attached on the casing shell. A stator blade is customarily mounted at a ?rst point along an innersideofthesteamturbinecasing.Inthiscase,itis55 customarily part of a stator blade ring Which comprises a number of stator blades Which are arranged along an inner circumferenceontheinnersideofthesteamturbinecasing.In this case, each stator blade points radially inWards With its bladeairfoil.A statorbladeringatapointalongtheaxial 60 extentisalsoreferredtoasastatorbladeroW.A numberof stator blade roWs are customarily arranged one behind the other. Cooling plays an essential role When increasing the e?i ciency.WiththepreviouslyknoWncoolingmediummethods 65 forcoolingasteamturbinecasing,adistinctionistobemade betWeenactivecoolingandpassivecooling.Withactivecool ing,coolingisbroughtaboutbymeans ofacoolingmedium Whichisfedseparatelytothesteamturbinecasing,ie in addition to the Working medium. In contrast, passive cooling is carried out simply by means of suitable guiding or use of the Working medium. Customary cooling of a steam turbine casingislimitedtopassivecooling.Therefore,itisknoWnfor example to ?oW-Wash an inner casing of a steam turbine With cool, already expanded steam. HoWever, this has the disad vantage that a temperature difference over the inner casing Wallmustremainlimited,sinceotherWiseWithatemperature differenceWhichistoogreattheinnercasingWouldthermally deform too much. During ?ow-Washing of the inner casing, heatdissipationcertainlytakesplace,buttheheatdissipation takes place relatively far aWay from the point of heat input. Heat dissipation in direct proximity to the heat input has not previouslybeenputintoeffectinsu?icientmeasure.A further passivecoolingcanbeachievedbymeans ofasuitabledesign oftheexpansionoftheWorkingmedium inaso-calleddiago nalstage. By this, hoWever, only a very limited cooling effect upon the casing can be achieved. The steam turbine shafts, Which are rotatably mounted in the steam turbines, are thermally highly stressed during operation.Thedevelopmentandproductionofasteamtur bineshaftisatthesametimeexpensiveandtime-consuming. The steam turbine shafts are considered as the most highly stressed and most expensive components of a steam turbine. This applies more and more to high steam temperatures. Sometimes, on account of the high masses of the steam turbineshafts,thesearethermallysluggishWhichhasanega tive effect during a thermal load changing of a turbine-gen erator set. That means that the reaction of the entire steam turbine to a load change depends in a high degree upon the speedofthesteamturbineshaftbeingabletoreacttother mallychangedconditions.Formonitoringthesteamturbine shaft, as standard the temperature is monitored, Which is time-consumingandcostly. One characteristicofsteamturbineshaftsisthatthesedo nothaveanessentialheatsink.Therefore,coolingoftherotor blades,Whicharearrangedonthesteamturbineshaft,proves to be dif?cult. For improving the adaptation of a steam turbine shaft to a thermal stress, it is knoWn to form this holloW in the inlet region, or to form this as a holloW shaft. These cavities as a rule are closed off and ?lled With air. HoWever, the high stresses Which occur during operation, Whichforthemostpartconsistoftangentialstressesfromthe centrifugalforce,actdisadvantageouslyupontheaforemen tionedsteamturbineholloWshafts.Thesestressesareabout tWice as high as the stresses Which Would occur in the case of corresponding solid shafts. This has a strong in?uence upon the material selection of the holloW shafts, Which can lead to theholloWshaftsnotbeingsuitable,ornotrealiZable,forhigh steamconditions. In gas turbine construction, it is knoWn to construct air cooled holloW shafts as thin-Walled Welded constructions. It isknoWninteraliatoformthegasturbineshaftsWithdisksvia so-called Hirth toothing. These gas turbine shafts have a centraltie-boltforthis. HoWever, a direct transfer of the cooling principles in gas turbinestosteamturbineconstructionasaruleisnotpossible, since a steam turbine, unlike the gas turbine, is operated as a closedsystem.By this,itistobeunderstoodthattheWorking mediumislocatedinacircuitandisnotdischargedintothe environment. The Working medium Which is used in a gas turbine, Which consists essentially of air and exhaust gas, isPDF Image | STEAM TURBINE 2001
PDF Search Title:
STEAM TURBINE 2001Original File Name Searched:
US8128341.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)