PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 010
US 7,670,109B2 78 bladeWheelsandguideWheels,thenatleastthecomponents of those turbine stages of the turbine Which form the How passageand/orWhicharearrangedintheHow passage,andin the region of Which the steam has a temperature above the softening temperature, must be produced either from a high heat resistant material or must be cooled in a suitable manner. IntheexampleWhichisshoWninFIG.1,the?rstthreeturbine stages 20, 21 and 22 of itare affected. Here, both the blades of the?rstthreeturbinestagesandalsothepassagesideWallsof the How passage are produced from a high heat resistant material.ThehotZoneboundaryismarkedby40,upstreamof Which measures for increasing the temperature resistance need to be adopted. In many cases, the shaft is also to be produced from a high heat resistant material on account of thermal conduction in this region. In nominal operation of turbine10,thesteamdoWnstreamofthethirdturbinestage22 ?rsthasatemperatureWhichisbeloWthesofteningtempera ture of the material Which is customarily used for turbine components.By theuseofhighheatresistantmaterialforthe ?rstthreeturbinestages20,21,and22,theproductioncosts20 for such a steam turbine signi?cantly rise. FIGS. 2 and 3 shoW turbines 100 Which are formed as steamturbinesandconstructedaccordingtotheinvention.In the tWo exemplary embodiments, the turbines Which are shoWnhereinclude,ineachcase,justoneradialturbinestage 120 With radial in?oW (direction of the How arroW 135) and axial out?oW (direction of the How arroW 137), and also a pluralityofaxialturbinestages121-125Withaxialin?oWand axial out?oW in each case. The radial turbine stage 120 Which isformedasthe?rststageoftheturbineisconnecteddirectly totheradiallyextendingpartofalivesteaminletbranch131. Theaxialturbinestages121-125arearrangeddirectlydoWn stream of the radial turbine stage 120 in the tWo exemplary embodiments. as a result in the embodiment of the turbine according to the invention as shoWn in FIGS. 2 and 3. Therefore, this affects signi?cantly feWer components than this is the case in con ventionallyconstructedturbines. Since the process pressure is also increased to achieve higher ef?ciencies in addition to the process temperature, only comparatively small volumetric ?oWs of the through ?oW ?uidareproducedattheinletintotheturbines.Inthe case of small volumetric ?oWs, hoWever, radial or diagonal turbine stages have an ef?ciency similar to axial turbine stages. Therefore, the turbines Which are shoWn in FIGS. 2 and 3 are also comparable in their overall ef?ciencies to the turbineofFIG.1,butWithappreciablyloWerproductioncosts and more compact dimensions. In the folloWing, a method for the design of a turbine accordingtotheinventionisexplainedWithreferencetothe turbine 100 Which is shoWn in FIGS. 2 and 3. In both examples,typicalgeometricandotherboundaryconditions are assumed for high-pressure turbines Which are used in steamturbineinstallations,i.e.,ashaftdiameterofabout880 mm andanominalspeedoftheturbineinstallationof50HZ. For design of the blade Wheel of the radial turbine stage 120, the so-called “Cordier diagram” is used (see, for example, Dubbel, “Pocket Book for Mechanical Engineering”, 18th Edition,R22),WhichisknoWnfromthepriorart,inWhich,for single-stage turbo-machines, a correlation betWeen a diam eterparameter6M isgraphicallyrepresentedinafunctionof thespeci?cspeedOM,Wherein: 30 InordertoenableachargingWithveryhotsteam,theradial turbine stages 120 Which are shoWn in FIGS. 2 and 3 are constructedineachcaseWithahighertemperatureresistance than the axial turbine stages 121-125. This is achieved, for example, by the radial turbine stage 120 being produced in eachcasefromahighheatresistantnickelbasedalloyorfrom 40 a ceramic material, Whereas the axial turbine stages 121-125 areproducedineachcase,forexample,fromacustomarycast steeloranickelchrome steel.Alternativelytotheuseofahigh heat resistant material, or even additionally to it, the blades 142oftheradialturbinestage120couldalsobespecially45 constructed either With a heat-insulating coating 144 (see FIG. 4) or With cooling. The radial turbine stages 120 Which are shoWn in FIGS. 2 and3,therefore,basicallygeometricallyreplaceineachcase theradial-axialturbinestage20ofFIG.1.DuringtheHow Washing of the radial turbine stages 120 according to FIGS. 2 and3,hoWever,thetemperatureofthesteamHow isloWered to a point Where the subsequent axial turbine stages 121-125 can be manufactured from conventional turbine material. Since radial and also diagonal turbine stages 120 can be loadedsigni?cantlyhigherandcanbringaboutasigni?cantly higherenthalpyconversionthanaxialturbinestages,onlyone radialturbinestageisnecessaryineachcaseintheexemplary embodiments oftheinventionWhichareshoWnhereinorder toadequatelyloWerthetemperaturebeloWthesofteningtem 60 peratureofthematerialoftheaxialturbinestages121-125.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1 Which isknoWn from the prior art, hoWever, three axial turbine stages 20, 21, and 22 Were necessary for an adequate loWering of the temperature. Insimilarconditionsofthethrough?oW?uidattheinletinto the turbine, only the components of the respective radial turbine stage 120 need to have a high temperature resistance 25 35 and wyMIAh/(14,.2/2) As aresultofthis,anacceptableef?ciencyoftheturbine stageWithanisentropicef?ciencyofabout90% isensured. In the tWo exemplary embodiments, it is assumed that duringnominaloperationoftheturbine,theinletpressureat theinletintotheturbineis300barandthesteammass through?oWisabout400kg/s.Theserepresenttypicalvalues formodern steamturbines. If the turbine inlet temperature should noW be 6200 C., Which is a typical value for a supercritical steam turbine Whichisdesignedinthemodernstyle,thenWiththeaidofthe Cordierdiagramthesubsequentlyrepresentedvaluesresult, ifattheoutletfromtheradialturbinestageanoutlettempera ture of 565° C. and less should be produced: 55 65 50 At a temperature of 565° C. and less, no measures for increasingthetemperatureresistanceneedtobeadoptedfor the components doWnstream of the radial turbine stage, since thistemperaturevalueisbeloWthesofteningtemperatureof thematerialWhichiscustomarilyusedfortheaxialturbine stages. The radialturbine stage 120 Which isdesigned inthisWay creates a pressure drop of the steam from 300 bar at the inlet into the radial turbine stage to 217 bar at the outlet from the radialturbinestage,i.e.,thepressureratioisatabout1.4.The temperature at the outlet from the radial turbine stage is at about5600C.Thespeedoftheradialturbinestageisat50HZ,PDF Image | Turbine 2010
PDF Search Title:
Turbine 2010Original File Name Searched:
US7670109.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |