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4. Off-Design Performance Analyses ”TurbAero” uses a program called ”RIFT” to conduct off-design analyses. With the help of ”RIFT”, two radial turbines have been analyzed. The results from ”RIFT” are then compared to data from experimental testings to investigate the ability of ”RIFT” to predict off-design performance of radial turbines. The turbines and test data are provided by Volvo Powertrain AB and the chapter is divided into two sections containing the different simulations of the different turbines. The governing equations which are implemented in ”RIFT” have been introduced in chapter 3. ”RIFT” uses three stations of every component of the radial turbine (i.e. one for the volute, nozzle, rotor and diffusor). At every station the geometry is specified on a mean- line basis, (e.g. the radius, axial coordinate, blade angle and width are given). The geometry can be inserted manually but that would inevitable lead to errors. Instead ”RIGPAC” is used to model the geometry of the nozzles and rotors. The geometry is imported into ”RIGPAC”, this is done in a different way depending on whether it is the nozzle or the rotor which is modeled. When a rotor is modeled the geometry is specified for the hub and shroud contours. A series of points connecting the two contours are defined using radial and axial coordinates. The blade angle and thickness is also specified at every point. The nozzle blades are modeled using the x-, y- and z- coordinates for the suction and pressure surfaces respectively. From ”RIGPAC” the desired geometry is exported to ”RIFT”. The geometry of the volute is modeled using a program called ”VOLDES”. The outlet radius, width and flow angle are specified. The resulting geometry is exported to ”RIFT”. The vaneless spaces’ geometry are specified directly in ”RIFT”. The inlet radius, axial coordinate and width are taken as the exit equivalents from the upstream component. The corresponding procedure is applied for the outlet, however, with the downstream component’s inlet radius, axial coordinate and width. It is possible to use different sets of input parameters when performing simulations in ”RIFT”. The inlet total pressure and temperature together with the shaft speed must be specified. Then it is possible to specify either the mass flow, total-to-static pressure or the static pressure. 40PDF Image | A Detailed Analysis of Radial Turbines
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