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6. Conclusions The main objective of this master thesis was to evaluate a tool for aerodynamic design and analysis. This has been conducted in two parts. The first part aimed to model the geometry and simulate the performance of two radial turbines and then compare the results with test data. In the second part an aerodynamic design of a radial turbine was developed. The results from the first part show that it is possible to simulate the performance of radial turbines using mean-line analyses (particularly with the tool used in this thesis, namely ”TurbAero”). The tests, involved in the first part, were performed by Volvo and conducted in a cold rig for both turbines. Air was used as fluid in the tests and the inlet temperature was kept at 373 K (thereby making it ”cold”). The first turbine was modeled in two cases, one in which the turbine was scaled (the turbine which Volvo performed tests on was also scaled) and all other conditions were attempted to resemble those which prevailed during the tests and one case with the original turbine and ”hot” conditions. The simulations were performed in two cases to see the modeling differences that could arise. It is possible to see differences, particularly if comparing the two figures presenting the two cases’ mass flows, figures 4.4 and 4.7. It was explained what influence the geometry and gas could have on the mass flow in section 4.1.3. The mass flow that can be brought through the turbine at a specific expansion ratio is mainly determined by the nozzle throat. It can be shown that for a change by one degree that the throat turns, the flow will lead to a change in mass flow by five percent [personal communication, Magnus Genrup, 2014]. This makes the flow very sensitive to changes of the throat’s geometry. Best agreement in mass flow was achieved in the case which tried to resemble the conditions which prevailed during the tests (the first case). The total-to-total efficiency was measured using two different techniques in the tests, one measuring the torque on the shaft and one measuring the temperature and thereby the heat drop1. The results from the simulations show best agreement with the temperature measured total-to-total efficiency. The torque measured total-to- total efficiency, however, prove defective at small expansion ratios. There is no clear difference in total-to-total efficiency in the two different simulation cases, however, from the comparison in mass flow it can be concluded that it is best to perform simulations using similar conditions to the tests. 1The efficiency was then calculated using the torque and temperature. 67PDF Image | A Detailed Analysis of Radial Turbines
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