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50 Figure 2-13: Cost estimation of expanders based on power output only. Clearly, radial turbines present a higher cost, which corresponds to 33% of the total cost, followed by screw expanders at22%. Rotary vane expanders are the cheapest, with an estimated contribution of 7% compared to the total cost of the expanders. Axial turbines, piston expanders and scroll expanders contribute 20%, 9.4% and 8.6%, respectively. However, the larger the system is, the more expensive the componentwill be. The above estimations are purely based on the power outputs regardless of the system or application. To perform a more feasible comparison between the different expander technologies, each type should be compared with the rest of the system’s components. For each system, an expansion machine is designed in accordance withthe system requirements. Therefore, the cost of each expander is compared with its own system. The module costing technique is applied in this study. This technique is presented by Turton et al. [207], as shown in equation 2-5), based on the data from a survey of manufacturers during the period of May 2001 to September 2001. This correlation is widely used in the literature [208]–[211]. Toffolo et al. [212]appliedthe aforementioned correlation to estimate the costs of a real ORC plant built in 2009 for utilising low/medium enthalpy resources in the USA. The results of their study were in good agreement with the actual cost of the ORC equipment.PDF Image | Automotive Radial Turbine Expander Design WHR
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