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Design and Optimization Approach for Radial Inflow Turbines

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Design and Optimization Approach for Radial Inflow Turbines ( design-and-optimization-approach-radial-inflow-turbines )

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Figure 12 shows the comparison of Mach number contour between T-100 turbine and T-100re turbine at the mid-span section under design condition. At the outlet of the nozzle, the Mach number of T-100 turbine is lower than that of the T-100re turbine, while it is adverse at the outlet of the rotor. It is indicated that the enthalpy drop of T-100re turbine in the nozzle and the rotor is redistributed well, and the range of the lower Mach number in the rotor passage is reduced because of its higher Appl. Sci. 2018, 8, 2038 13 of 16 rotational speed and reasonable rotor geometry. In addition, the absolute outlet velocity of T-100re turbine is 216.38 m/s, lower than that of T-100 turbine, 185.14m/s; thus, the total-to-static efficiency of the turbine is improved. turbine is 216.38 m/s, lower than that of T-100 turbine, 185.14m/s; thus, the total-to-static efficiency of the turbine is improved. Appl. Sci. 2018, 8, x FOR PEER REVIEW 14 of 17 4. Conclusions 4. Conclusions (a) T-100 turbine (b) T-100re turbine Figure 12. Comparison of Mach number contour at the mid-span section. Figure 12. Comparison of Mach number contour at the mid-span section. This paper presents an automated preliminary design approach for radial inflow turbines, as the This paper presents an automated preliminary design approach for radial inflow turbines, as the first part of the integrated design and optimization approach. The GA is introduced to explore the first part of the integrated design and optimization approach. The GA is introduced to explore the design space defined by loading coefficients, flow coefficients, and rotational speeds. The aim of design space defined by loading coefficients, flow coefficients, and rotational speeds. The aim of this this design approach is to obtain the best design scheme with high aerodynamic performance under design approach is to obtain the best design scheme with high aerodynamic performance under specified constraints and reduce the dependency on human experiences for designing a radial inflow specified constraints and reduce the dependency on human experiences for designing a radial inflow turbine. The following conclusions can be drawn from this study. turbine. The following conclusions can be drawn from this study: (1) The mean line design method for radial inflow turbines is presented for getting the (1) The mean line design method for radial inflow turbines is presented for getting the aerodynamic performance under given structure parameters. In addition, the radial inflow turbine aerodynamic performance under given structure parameters. In addition, the radial inflow turbine T-100 published in the literature is used to verify this method. It is indicated that the verification result T-100 published in the literature is used to verify this method. It is indicated that the verification shows good agreement with the T-100 original data, which proves the correctness and accuracy of the result shows good agreement with the T-100 original data, which proves the correctness and accuracy present mean line design method. of the present mean line design method. (2) The automated preliminary method is developed by combining the mean line design with (2) The automated preliminary method is developed by combining the mean line design with GA to explore the design space for obtaining the best design scheme of radial inflow turbines. GA to explore the design space for obtaining the best design scheme of radial inflow turbines. The T- The T-100 turbine is redesigned by using the automated preliminary method to check the effectiveness. 100 turbine is redesigned by using the automated preliminary method to check the effectiveness. It It shows that the total-to-static efficiency of the T-100re turbine increases by 1.0% and the rotor weight shows that the total-to-static efficiency of the T-100re turbine increases by 1.0% and the rotor weight decreases by 0.35 kg (26.7%) compared with the T-100 original design. Therefore this method can decreases by 0.35 kg (26.7%) compared with the T-100 original design. Therefore this method can not not only reduce the dependency on a designer’s expertise and guarantee the optimal design at the only reduce the dependency on a designer’s expertise and guarantee the optimal design at the preliminary design stage under specified constraints but also make a good foundation for the later 3-D preliminary design stage under specified constraints but also make a good foundation for the later 3- numerical optimization. D numerical optimization. (3) The CFD results of T-100 and T-100re turbines are examined and compared to the T-100 turbine experimental data. It shows that the total-to-static efficiency is a little higher than that of the experiment results due to ignorance of the windage loss and the flow non-uniformity at the volute outlet in the CFD simulations, but the trend of both results are in good agreement. In addition, the performance of T-100re turbine is better than that of T-100 turbine under most conditions.

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