Gas Turbine Design Axial Flow Compressors

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Gas Turbine Design Axial Flow Compressors ( gas-turbine-design-axial-flow-compressors )

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2.2 Loss and Deviation Correlations Loss and deviation correlations are used to describe the physics of entropy generation and fluid turning in axial-flow compressors. For a 2-D compressor cascade, loss ( ω ) is defined as the nondimensionalized ratio of the difference between inlet total pressure and exit total pressure to the inlet dynamic pressure (see Figure 2.3 and Equation 2.7). 2 1 Figure 2.3. Diagram of Inlet and Exit of a 2-D Cascade ω = (Pt1 -Pt2) / (Pt1 - P1) (2.7) In Equation 2.7, Pt1 and Pt2 are the inlet and exit total pressures, respectively, and P1 is the static pressure at the cascade inlet plane. Loss represents the entropy generated due to shocks, boundary layers, secondary losses, and mixing, as well as that generated by interactions between them. Loss models which can quantify accurately these interactions are beyond the state of the art (Bloch, 1996). It is common practice to assume linearity and to estimate the total loss by superposition of the individual loss terms (see Equation 2.8) (Moses, 1994, Cetin, 1987). ω≅ ωSH+ωPR+ωS (2.8) In Equation 2.8, ω SH is the loss due to shocks, ω PR is the profile loss due to boundary layers, and ω S is the loss caused by secondary flow effects. The present author discovered that there exists a more thermodynamically sound method of quantifying the 8

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