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NEON CRYOGENIC TURBO-EXPANDER WITH MAGNETIC BEARINGS

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NEON CRYOGENIC TURBO-EXPANDER WITH MAGNETIC BEARINGS ( neon-cryogenic-turbo-expander-with-magnetic-bearings )

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2600 2400 2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 Impeller diameter (mm) FIGURE 3. The relation between rotational speed and diameter at U/C0 = 0.68 and stationary shroud wall is adjusted between 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm at the time of assembling. The performance of a turbo-expander can be described by turbine isentropic efficiency , which is defined as below. hin hout (2) hin houtS Where hout:Actualturbineoutletenthalpy TEST RESULTS Thermodynamic performance tests of the turbo-expander were conducted with the prototype refrigerator. FIGURE 4 is the flow diagram and photograph of the cold box. The cold box contains a heat-exchanger unit, a turbo-expander and an electric heater, piping and valves. Neon gas is compressed by the reciprocating compressor from 0.5 MPa to 1 MPa and the flow rate is 0.15 kg/sec. The high pressure line is controlled by the bypass valve V1. The heat-exchanger unit is a plate-fin type. The high pressure gas is cooled by the low pressure return gas. In the turbo-expander, the neon is expanded from 1 MPa to 0.5 MPa and the turbine outlet temperature is finally cooled down to about 57 K. The heater after the turbine warms the cold gas from the turbine outlet in order to obtain the specified refrigeration temperature. FIGURE 5 shows the cool-down data curve of the turbo-expander. The time at 0 min indicates the startup of the reciprocating compressor. By adjusting the compressor bypass flow, the turbine outlet temperature decreases due to isentropic expansion at about 30 min. The turbine inlet temperature is cooled down to about 70 K in 360 min. TABLE 2 shows the measured values of the turbine operating condition at the maximum turbine efficiency. Synchronous speed of the alternator is set at 1400 Hz with a variable frequency drive. Since the turbine pressure ratio increases during the cool down operation, the turbine load increases also. This means that the rotational speed rises up slightly from 1400 to 1414 rev/sec because the alternator is driven at a higher speed than the synchronous speed. 899 Rotational speed (rev/sec)

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NEON CRYOGENIC TURBO-EXPANDER WITH MAGNETIC BEARINGS

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