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The thermodynamic properties of the working fluid entering the turbine and the expected performance of the designed machine are obtained from the cycle analysis for the gas turbine taking into account that the turbine is connected to the solar receiver. Based on these parameters and the performance parameters available in the literature for; the appropriate thermodynamic and fluid dynamic conservation principles are applied within the preliminary design process in order to obtain the following: The main geometric parameters of components such as the mean radii, blade height and blade angles at inlet and outlet of the rotor wheel. Thermodynamic quantities at the inlet and outlet of each component. Flow velocity at the defined stations. The next step is to generate the three-dimensional geometry. Based on the parameters gained from the meanline design the 3D-geometry can be generated. For the turbine rotor geometry the commercial software ANSYS Bladegen was used. In Bladegen the inputs are the radii of the turbine wheel at inlet and exit, the blade angles and the blade thicknesses. Blade thicknesses are given an initial guess which are then modified according to stress analysis results. The geometries of the remaining parts were built using SolidWorks. The next step is to check performance by analysing the flow using CFD. Grids were generated using ANSYS Turbo-Grid and ANSYS CFX was used to obtain the steady state flow solutions. The following boundary conditions were used: Total temperature, total pressure and flow angles at inlet. Rotational velocity for the rotating part. Static pressure at rotor exit. The outcomes from the CFD were: Performance predictions in the form of pressure drop and isentropic efficiency. Distribution of flow quantities throughout the turbine. CFD results indicated some modifications on the geometry of the rotor blades angles and blade numbers are required. Also the nozzle guide vanes angles, number and the space between the guide vanes and the rotor have been modified. The design process was iterated until an aerodynamically satisfactory design has been reached. The final step after setting the parts design is to perform a steady state stress analysis to check the design rigidity under the operating loads. For this purpose the commercial software ANSYS Mechanical was used to perform the FEA analysis on the turbine rotor as it is the most critical part and exposed to the highest loads. The rotor geometry was modified according to the FEA results, by changing the blades thickness, cutting material from the back face of the rotor, introducing fillets at contact edges between the blades and the hub of the rotor and by cutting material between the rotor blades near the leading edge, in a process 3PDF Image | Optimised Radial Turbine Design D1.8
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