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Li et al. 7 Figure 8. Effect of inlet pressure on turbine output power and flow rate. Figure 9. Effect of inlet pressure on turbine efficiency and system efficiency. increases rapidly until an inlet pressure of 1.35MPa, and then decreases, before attaining a stable value of 0.833–0.87 m3/s. Figure 9 shows the effect of the change in turbine inlet pressure on turbine efficiency and system effi- ciency. The temperature of R245fa ranges from 112°C to 117°C, and the results of Figures 8 and 9 are from the same experimental process, thus they can be ana- lysed together. From Figure 9, it can be seen that the change trends in turbine efficiency and system efficiency are opposite. Turbine efficiency decreases gradually with the increase in inlet pressure and then increases slightly when the pressure is greater than 1.5 MPa. The maximum turbine efficiency is 0.88 and the minimum is 0.775. This is the result of the interaction of turbine inlet pressure and flow rate. With the increase in inlet pressure and flow rate, the output power increases, resulting in the increase in turbine efficiency. After the pressure becomes greater than 1.5 MPa, the turbine effi- ciency decreases, which is caused by the fact that the inlet pressure value of 1.5 MPa is greater than the opti- mal pressure of the turbine, thus R245fa does not fully Figure 10. Effect of inlet temperature on turbine output power. expand and the energy loss increases. It was found that the inlet pressure does not reach the design pressure of 1.74 MPa and the turbine efficiency decreases. The sys- tem efficiency increases with the increase in the inlet pressure and attains the maximum value of 0.158 when the inlet pressure is 1.55MPa. The increase in system efficiency is mainly caused by the increase in the turbine output power according to the analysis of equation (4) and Figure 8. Influence of inlet temperature of turbine To study the influence of inlet temperature on turbine performance and system efficiency, the cooling water temperature is maintained at 20°C, while the inlet pres- sure is controlled between 1.45 and 1.58 MPa. The flow rates are maintained at 0.67, 0.75 and 0.86m3/s. Referring to the thermophysical properties of R245fa, the inlet temperature of the turbine is varied between 90°C and 125°C. Figure 10 shows the influence of changes in the inlet temperature on the turbine output power. It can be seen that with increasing inlet tem- perature, the output power of the turbine increases. The increase in inlet temperature is accompanied by an increase in the flow rate, which leads to an increase in the output power of the turbine. The effects of inlet temperatures of 125°C and 90°C on the output power are compared. For the flow rates of 0.67, 0.75 and 0.86m3/s, the power increases by 3.65 (;47%), 4.275 (;42.5%) and 2.67 kW (;18.3%), respectively. It can be observed that the influence of the inlet temperature on the output power decreases with increasing flow rate. The trends of the three curves are similar; when the flow rate is 0.86 m3/s, the slope of the correspond- ing curve is minimum. Figure 11 shows the influence of inlet temperature on the turbine and system efficiencies. From the varia- tion curves of the turbine efficiency under threePDF Image | ORC analysis of radial inflow turbine and R245fa
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