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This report covers the results of a study investigatinq the application of ETI's radial outflow (ROF) turbine to solar steam Rankine engines. Over the range of engine parameters studied, it was found that high efficiency multi-stage ROF turbine designs could be achieved with the speed capability of commercial gearboxes and electric generators. An overhung turbine/gearbox configuration would be possible in most cases, all turbine stages being located on a single disc. For the steam Rankine cycles of interest, the moisture toler- anceoftheexpanderisanimportantdesigncriteria. Muchdata Is available regarding this design limitation with axial flow turbomachinery. However,itissuspectedthatthisdatamaybe somewhat conservative when applied to the IEOF turbine geometry. When high turbine inlet pressure is utilized, reheating of the steam will be required in many cases to maintain control of the moisture in the expander. In solar steam Rankine engines, the use of steam extracted from the turbine for feedwater heating can produce $Ae following results: 1. Improvement of cycle efficiency up to 10 percent, yielding savings in solar receiver size and total system cost. 2. Reduction in cofidenser size, effecting savings in system cost especially in cases where air-cooled condezsing is utilized. 3. Reduction in turbine blade height on last stage, lowering principal stress factor in turbine. For the above reasons, feedwater heating should be included in any solar steam turbine driven Rankine engines. The method of operation and control of the solar steam engine can have significant effects on the gross power output over an operatin5period. Pointstoconsiderarethefollowing: 1. Engine performance is more sensitive to turbine inlet temperature variations than inlet pressure variations. 2. Engine efficiency decreases at an increased rate below 20 percent of full load. 3. Engine off-design operating procedure should not cause moisture in the expander to exceed the design limiting value. 26PDF Image | Radial Outflow Turbine for Solar Steam Rankine Engines
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