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D.Maksiuta, L.Moroz, M.Burlaka, Y.Govorushenko / Energy Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 3 2. Design Technique While designing a multistage turbine, it is important to determine the optimal number of stages and to distribute enthalpy drop between them. To solve the ROT design problem we will use the method of the enthalpy drop distribution for the group of stages with a given axial and circumferential velocity components in all cross-sections [4,5,6]. Peripheral stage efficiency is determined by the formula: Hи u1c1uu2c2u. (1) H0 H0 Let’s assume that changing of axial and circumferential velocity components are determined as: Kjz cjz , Kju uj Dmeanj , j1,2. (2) c0z u0 Dmean0 Taking into account (2) formula (1) can be transformed to the expression: 2 c K K ctg K K ctg , (3) 0 0z 1u 1z 1 2u 2z 2 Where: c0z c0z , 0 u0 , c0 2H0. u0 c0 (4) For given values K jz , K ju , c0z , 0 it is required to find such angles α1 and α2, where the peripheral efficiency (3) would be maximized. Generally, the simplified algorithm of the design process can be represented as a sequence of operations: a. Set parameters K jz , K ju , c0z , 0 ; b. Solve the optimization problem: find the angles α1 and α2 which provide maximum efficiency (3); c. Set D1; d. Find Dmean for all stages (by known K ju ); e. Calculate all remaining geometry, flow parameters and the height of the blades. In the case when a multistage turbine is designed, the equation (3) should be written as the sum of all stages peripheral efficiency. The proposed algorithm has a number of unique features: In the turbine designing process, the optimization task is solved. This enables obtainment of the highest possible turbine efficiency for the given boundary conditions at the stage of preliminary design. Enthalpy drop for each stage is determined automatically in terms of turbine maximum efficiency. This results in an uneven enthalpy drop distribution between stages. Fig. 2 presents the process of the working fluid expansion in the axial turbine when it is designed using a standard design approach (a) and the same process in the radial-outflow turbine designed according to the proposed technique (b). The figure shows that in the ROT work output increases at each stage. Obviously, this is due to a significant increase in the rotor’s peripheral velocity stage by stage with diameter increasing. Due to the uneven work distribution between the stages, blade profiles obtained by the proposed method are significantly different from each other. Thus, it is not possible to make a uniform profile for its application in several stages. This limitation can be critical for designing a multi-stage axial turbine. And vice versa, thePDF Image | radial-outflow turbine type for 3 MW WHR organic Rankine cycle
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