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8 D.Maksiuta, L.Moroz, M.Burlaka, Y.Govorushenko / Energy Procedia 00 (2017) 000–000 Table 3. Performance data and crucial dimensions of the LPTs Parameter Internal t-s efficiency Power Shaft rotational speed Number of stages Max Mach number Min machine diameter Max machine diameter1 Axial length Machine volume2 Unit Axial – 0.9288 kW 408.7 rpm 3000 – 13 – 0.411 mm 195.9 mm 405.1 mm 630.5 dm3 (liter) 81.264 RIT 0.9133 394.6 7 914 1 1.02 137.8 459.2 184.2 30.506 ROT 0.9249 406.5 3 000 9 0.636 292.9 588.6 38.52 10.481 For the LPT, all three turbine types have substantially the same performance values (difference in efficiency is less than 1.5 %). However, the ROT and the axial turbine have a significant advantage – their rotational speed is 3000 rpm. This allows integration directly to a generator and avoids additional mechanical losses in the gearbox which now is not needed. Furthermore, ROT type has the smallest sizes for both the HPT and the LPT units. This fact reduces the required space for installation and material costs for manufacturing such turbine. This analysis of the designed turbines has been made only with regard to the considered organic Rankine cycle and it may be not applicable to other cycles. Furthermore, as previously mentioned, ROT efficiency strongly depends on the used working fluid. Despite this, the data obtained in this research highlights the most important advantages and disadvantages of each turbine type: a. RIT Easy to manufacture Wide application range Low efficiency b. Axial The highest efficiency Low rotational speed The largest size c. ROT High efficiency Reduced rotational speed (may be equal to generator’s rotational speed) The smallest size Not applicable to all working fluids 4. Conclusions The proposed design technique can solve the optimization task at the stage of preliminary design. The unique feature of this technique is the uneven enthalpy drop distribution between turbine stages which allows to design radial-outflow turbine with highest possible efficiency. Two new turbines were designed for considered 3 MW WHR ORC. Their application will result in more than 11 % of mechanical power boost.PDF Image | radial-outflow turbine type for 3 MW WHR organic Rankine cycle
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