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CHAPTER 3: Methodology for Developing Radial Inflow Turbine (RIT) 3.6. Detailed three-dimensional analysis (CFD & FEA) 3.6.1. Overview of the detailed design procedure The actual flow field in the RIT is in fact strongly three-dimensional, viscose and turbulent with inevitable secondary flow regions. In addition to that, the transonic or supersonic flow regimes (with shock waves), tip clearance effects and interactions of adjacent nozzle and rotor blade rows make the flow behaviour even more complex. Although it is fast and simple, mean-line (one-dimensional) modelling cannot capture all the aforementioned features and it is required to evaluate the aerodynamics of the turbine passage in greater details using computational fluid dynamic (CFD). CFD is the process by which a variety of numerical mathematical techniques are applied in order to solve the equations (usually RANS equations) that govern the flow field aerodynamics (Japikse et al. 1994). If carefully validated, CFD is a very strong tool that facilitates the investigation of the flow in turbine passage accurately to directly address those undesirable features by improving the blade geometry. Moreover, CFD reduces the time and expenses associated with prototype manufacturing and testing. Figure 3.14 outlines the schematic diagram of the detailed CFD and FEA procedures that will be carried out in this chapter. The key geometric characteristics (i.e. inlet tip diameter, inlet blade height, exit tip and hub radii and exit blade angles) of the candidate turbine stage shown in Table 3-2 are used as input for three-dimensional geometry generation of the nozzle and rotor blades using ASNSYR15 BladeGen software. Next the grid will be created via structured hexagonal elements using ANSYSR15 TurboGrid software. The selected boundary conditions from the mean-line modelling such as inlet total pressure and temperature, expansion ratio and rotational speed are used to perform the CFD analysis using commercial ANSYSR15 CFX software. 85 | P a g ePDF Image | SMALL-SCALE RADIAL INFLOW TURBINE FOR WHR ORC
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