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CHAPTER 3: Methodology for Developing Radial Inflow Turbine (RIT) Although profile “A” seems appealing as there is no evidence of secondary flow formation (Figure 3-20), such profile was unable to accelerate the relative flow velocity (W5) to high levels in most of the rotor passage with the maximum value of 86.03 m/s compared to the 121.7m/s, 116.32m/s and 111.6m/s for profiles “B”, “C” and “D” respectively. On the other hand, the largest W5 for profile “B” resulted in largest C5 of 88.13m/s and hence the largest exit kinetic loss compared to 83.06m/s and 80.87m/s for profiles “C” and “D” respectively. More importantly, due to the low flow velocity levels the viscous shear force became dominant in the passage of profile “A” and results in high level of entropy generation in large portion of the passage as it is shown by the entropy contour plot in Figure 3-24. Comparing the entropy distribution contour charts at half span for all four profiles depicted in Figure 3-24 to 3.27 revealed that the level of entropy distribution in profile “D” was the lowest. Such characteristic is the principal reason for the profile “D” to exhibit the highest efficiency of 83.33% compared to the other profiles as summarized in Table 3-4. Although profile “C” has competitive performance (82.57%), the subtle variation in the blade angle distribution of the blade profile “D” resulted in noticeable reduction in entropy generation as it is evident by comparing Figure 3-26 and 3.27. Moreover, the CFD predicted mass flow rate and power (Table 3-4) for the blade profile “D” are in very good agreement with the mean-line design values of 0.09kg/s and 4.152kW respectively. The slight over prediction/improvement in the predicted stage efficiency by CFD (83.33%) can be attributed to the subtle variation of the blade angle distribution in the light of earlier analyses of blade profiles “A” to “C” as well as excluding the windage loss (flow leakage from back plate of rotor) during the CFD analyses. Thus, the profile “D” was selected as the best configuration to further investigate the effect of thickness, leading edge (LE) shape and number of blades. 96 | P a g ePDF Image | SMALL-SCALE RADIAL INFLOW TURBINE FOR WHR ORC
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