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CHAPTER 4: Manufacturing and Experimental Testing of the Developed Compressed Air RIT inlet pressure was varied using the pressure regulator to create a series of off-design points at various speeds and mass flow rates. Apparently, as the turbine inlet pressure was increased the turbine rotational speed was also increased. Therefore to fix the turbine rotational speed, the load on the DC generator was adjusted using the variable resistance while increasing the turbine inlet pressure. Obviously, the higher the turbine inlet pressure the larger the required load on the turbine shaft. Such technique allows for creation of turbine maps at various constant speeds while varying the turbine inlet pressure and allows better comparison of performance. The recorded temperatures at the turbine inlet and exit were averaged to obtain a single value for each operating point. Then for each experimental point, the recorded measurements were used for calculation of efficiency using Equation 3-35 while the power was calculated using Equation 4-7. 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 = 𝜏𝜔 Equation 4-7 Where τ is the torque (Nm) produced by the turbine and recorded by the torque meter and ω is the rotational speed (rad/s). The reason for not directly using the power output from the torque meter was due to the intention of including the uncertainty into the calculation of power and efficiency as described below. Although the employed torque meter was amongst the highest speed transducers in the market, it was unable to be spun more than 20000rpm (based on the manufacturer). Therefore, it was not possible to run the turbine up to its design speed of 55000rpm and the test facility was used to obtain the turbine performance under off-design operating conditions. The experiments were conducted at five different levels of turbine rotational speed as 4000rpm, 8000rpm, 12000rpm, 16000rpm and 20000rpm while the turbine inlet temperature was varied from 20°C to 40°C at steps of 5°C. The turbine inlet pressure was increased for all of the above inlet temperatures and rotational speeds and the results are presented in Figure 4-12 to 4-16. As it is evident in these figures, for each 142 | P a g ePDF Image | SMALL-SCALE RADIAL INFLOW TURBINE FOR WHR ORC
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