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CHAPTER 5: Mean-line Modelling and Optimization of Organic RIT and Integration with Cycle Analysis Programme According to Table 5-11, the R2 values for d4 and dmax are higher than ηstage,ts (as expected since 2nd order polynomial were used for them while for ηstage,ts 1st order polynomial was used for simplicity), though, majority of the optimized points laid in the region of ±3% of the ideal line (R2=100%) as it is depicted in Figure 5-22(a). Therefore, Equation 5-37 can estimate ηstage,ts with good accuracy only by knowing Q5, ERts, VR and φ where only the latter is a turbine design parameter while the rest can be readily obtained from cycle operating conditions. φ can be assigned to the pre-defined range of 0.16 to 0.215 corresponding to the high efficiency region of the RIT based on generalized performance correlation charts (Baines 2003, Dixon et al. 2010) and also based on the optimization results obtained in section 5.8.3. Similarly, in the correlations for d4 and dmax it is only the turbine rotational speed (ω) that need to be set based on the requirements of applications (i.e. inverter-rectifier frequency, generator speed or use of gearbox) while the rest can be achieved from the cycle operating conditions. To highlight the effectiveness of the proposed correlations (especially correlation for ηstage,ts) same optimizations as in section 5.8.3 with the ORC standalone model were re- conducted but instead of setting the constant turbine efficiency of 80%, Equation 5-37 was used for estimation of ηstage,ts and the optimization results are presented in Figure 5-23. As it is evident, the difference in ηthermal,cycle between the ORC standalone model with correlation and the ORC-RIT model is reduced for almost all investigated fluids. The maximum difference in ηthermal,cycle has reduced to 0.89% for R365mfc compared to the 1.4% for n-pentane when assuming ηstage,ts =80%. More importantly, the ranking order of the fluids is exactly the same in the ORC standalone model with Equation 5-37 compared to the ORC-RIT model. Such results highlight the potential of the proposed correlations (especially for ηstage,ts) not only to eliminate any arbitrary assumption of ηstage,ts but also to provide rationale basis for selection of suitable working fluid that could 210 | P a g ePDF Image | SMALL-SCALE RADIAL INFLOW TURBINE FOR WHR ORC
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