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CHAPTER 6: Three-Dimensional CFD Optimization of the Dual-Stage Organic RIT Figures Figure 6-12 and 6.13 illustrate the variations in the blade geometry in terms of meridional channel, blade angle and thickness distributions from the baseline configurations to optimized shapes for stage one and two respectively. Such results showed that the blade geometry parametrization and the ranges of the design variables were effective as they provide enough flexibility for the optimizer to search for the optimum geometry. The flow field of the optimized and baseline configurations in both stages was compared in terms of velocity vectors and entropy distribution and presented in Figures Figure 6-14 to 6.19. For both stages the optimized configurations have preferential and smooth flow shown by velocity vectors with no flow reversal anywhere in the passage as depicted in Figures Figure 6-14 and 6.15. In contrast, the baseline designs suffer from strong secondary flows in early part of passage that led to flow separation. Although flow reattached to the blade surface later in the passage, the initial flow separation and the formation of secondary flows resulted in substantial entropy generation that propagated downstream the rotor passage as it is evident in FiguresFigure 6-16 and 6.17 for baseline geometries. Such entropy generation occupied majority of the baseline passage and led to significant losses and hence reduced efficiency. Although not completely eliminated, comparing the entropy distribution of the optimized designs in the same figures with the baseline designs shows that the entropy generation has considerably reduced during optimization. Such improvements in the aerodynamics of the flow in the rotor blade-to- blade passage partially explain the increase in the turbine efficiency of the optimized configurations as summarized in Table 6-2. The variation of blade meridional shape has also considerable contribution in increasing the turbine efficiency of both stages as presented in Figures Figure 6-18 and 6.19. 236 | P a g ePDF Image | SMALL-SCALE RADIAL INFLOW TURBINE FOR WHR ORC
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