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TABLE 1. Specification of the 10 kW class turo-Brayton refrigerator Cooling Temperature Cooling capacity Process pressure Neon gas flow rate Input power COP (Coefficient of performance) 70 K 10 kW 0.5 MPa / 1.0 MPa 0.96 kg/s 125 kW 0.08 TABLE 2. Simulation result for cooling system Point No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Pressure (kPa) 500 1000 987 529 520 801 801 Temperature (K) 298.4 300.0 72.6 59.4 69.5 72.0 65.0 heat-exchanger and a LN2 circulation pump. Cooling capacity of the refrigerator is 10 kW at 70 K and cooling temperature is set at point 5 in Figure 1. Process pressure is 1 MPa at high pressure side and 0.5 MPa at low pressure side. Pressure ratio is decided referring from simulation result of the 2 kW class turbo-Brayton refrigerator [8]. Consideration of the refrigerator process is very important for deciding detail and performance of the refrigerator. Therefore we have calculated temperature and pressure distribution, neon gas flow rate and input power of the refrigerator using a process simulator. In order to calculate the refrigerator process, calculation conditions are assumed as the following; Sub-cooled LN flow rate: 0.71 kg/s (52.5 L/min) Turbo-expander and turbo-compressor efficiency: 80 % Main heat-exchanger efficiency: 99 % Sub-cooled LN pressure: 0.8013 MPa (absolute) According to calculation result, neon gas flow rate is 0.96 kg/s and input power is 125 kW as shown in Table 1. Then COP is calculated from cooling capacity and input power of the refrigerator, which is defined in Equation (1). COP = Q /W (1) Where Q is cooling capacity of the refrigerator, W is input power of the refrigerator. Calculation result of pressure, temperature and flow rate of the cooling system is shown in Table 2. Temperature at Point 2, Point 6 and Point 7 are set 300 K, 65 K and 72 K, respectively. TURBINE-COMPRESSOR DESIGN Specification of a compressor and a turbine for the turbo-Brayton refrigerator is very important because it influences performance, developing cost and time. We considered two types of flow diagrams of the turbo-Brayton refrigerator as shown in Figure 2. One of the advantages in reverse turbo-Brayton cycle is generated energy from the adiabatic expansion can be recovered for reducing cooling system input power. Therefore a turbine-compressor which is a turbo-expander and turbo-compressor that are connected with the same shaft is ideal for obtaining high cooling system performance. However, optimal rotational speed of the turbine and the turbo-compressor must be same. Figure 2 a) is two turbo-compressors that are connected in series and two turbo-expanders that are configured 1237PDF Image | turbine-compressor 10 kW class neon turbo-Brayton refrigerator
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