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Energies 2019, 12, 2791 20 of 22 Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Nomenclature AR Q T0 VR V U = rR × ω W ∆P0 ∆PR rR = rin+rout 2 rin rout Re = ωr2in/υ ω ρ υ CA CT η φ References Flow passage area at rR Volumetric flow rate Torque Air velocity at rR Absolute velocity Blade speed Relative velocity Total-to-static pressure drop Total pressure changes across the rotor Mean radius of the rotor Inlet radius of the rotor Outlet radius of the rotor Reynolds number Rotor angular velocity Air density The kinematic viscosity of fluid Input power coefficient Torque coefficient Efficiency Flow coefficient 1. Bull, D.; Ochs, M.E. Technological Cost-Reduction Pathways for Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converters in the Marine Hydrokinetic Environment; Technical Report for SAND2013-7205; Sandia National Laboratories: New Mexico, CA, USA, 2013. 2. Callaghan, J.; Boud, R. Future Marine Energy. Results of the Marine Energy Challenge: Cost Competitiveness and Growth of Wave and Tidal Stream Energy; Carbon Trust: London, UK, 2006. 3. Falcão, A.F.; Henriques, J.C.; Gato, L.M. Self-rectifying air turbines for wave energy conversion: A comparative analysis. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2018, 91, 1231–1241. [CrossRef] 4. Falcão, A.; Gato, L. 8.05 Air Turbines. Compr. Renew. Energy 2012, 8, 111–149. 5. Falcão, A.D.O.; Gato, L.; Nunes, E. A novel radial self-rectifying air turbine for use in wave energy converters. Part 2. Results from model testing. Renew. Energy 2013, 53, 159–164. [CrossRef] 6. Raghunathan, S. The Wells air turbine for wave energy conversion. Prog. Aerosp. Sci. 1995, 31, 335–386. [CrossRef] 7. Shehata, A.S.; Xiao, Q.; Saqr, K.M.; Alexander, D. Wells turbine for wave energy conversion: A review. Int. J. Energy Res. 2017, 41, 6–38. [CrossRef] 8. Starzmann, R. Aero-Acoustic Analysis of Wells Turbines for Ocean Wave Energy Conversion; VDI Verlag: Dusseldorf, Germany, 2012. 9. Starzmann, R.; Carolus, T. Model-based selection of full-scale Wells turbines for ocean wave energy conversion and prediction of their aerodynamic and acoustic performances. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part A J. Power Energy 2014, 228, 2–16. [CrossRef] 10. Setoguchi, T.; Santhakumar, S.; Maeda, H.; Takao, M.; Kaneko, K. A review of impulse turbines for wave energy conversion. Renew. Energy 2001, 23, 261–292. [CrossRef] 11. Falcão, A.F.; Henriques, J.C.; Gato, L.M. Air turbine optimization for a bottom-standing oscillating-water-column wave energy converter. J. Ocean Eng. Mar. Energy 2016, 2, 459–472. [CrossRef] 12. Falcao, A.; Gato, L.M.C.; Henriques, J.C.; Pereiras, B.; Castro, F. A novel twin-rotor air turbine for bidirectional flows in wave energy conversion. In Proceedings of the 11th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference, Nantes, France, 6–11 September 2015.PDF Image | Unidirectional Radial-Air-Turbine OWC Wave Energy Converters
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