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L. Guillaume et al. / Applied Energy xxx (2016) xxx–xxx 9 Fig. 9. Comparison between evaporating and condensing pressure levels for both fluids. Fig. 8. Comparison between evaporating and condensing temperature levels for both fluids. the turbine. The pressure at the pump outlet is therefore lower when using R1233zd. In Fig. 10, the power produced by the turbine is compared for both fluids and for same rotational speeds and same lubrication mass flow rates. As it could be expected, the power produced is always higher using R1233zd. Because of the comparison method, the pressure ratio over the turbine is in each case higher than for R245fa. Since the mass flow rates are the same, the power pro- duced is increased when using R1233zd. A lower pump consump- tion and a higher turbine power production using R1233zd, obviously leads to a larger net output power of the system that can be increased by 40%. 4.5. Performance comparison for same pressure levels In order to investigate the impact of the working fluid on the turbine performance, a last comparison, involving 24 new measurements points and for same evaporating and condensing pressure levels is performed. A T–s diagram of the cycle can be found in Fig. 20 of Appendix B where the evaporating pressure is 14 barA and the condensing pressure is 3.5 for both fluids. The evaporating pressure being the same, the mass flow rates are the same for both fluids. The pump consumption remains slightly lower when using R1233zd because of lower pressure drops between the pump and the turbine. Regarding the turbine, in this case, the maximal power achieved with the two fluids for each pressure levels is compared. Thus, in this comparison, the rotational speed and the lubrication flow rate are no more the same for each fluid but both the variables are optimized. As it can be seen in Fig. 12, even for the same pressure ratio and the same mass flow rate, the power production is slightly higher using R1233zd. This can be explained by a lower lubrication flow rate and/or a higher rotational speed closer of the turbine optimal speed with this fluid. Fig. 10. Comparison between the turbine power production and the system net output power for both fluids. Please cite this article in press as: Guillaume L et al. Performance of a radial-inflow turbine integrated in an ORC system and designed for a WHR on truck application: An experimental comparison between R245fa and R1233zd. Appl Energy (2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.03.012PDF Image | WHR on truck ORC radial inflow turbine integrated
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