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APPLICATIONS OF THE TECHNOLOGY Electricity storage devices serve various roles in a distributed power system, ranging from improving the overall operation of the system to directly mitigating the impact of a particular installation of renewable energy. With specific regard to wind power in Alaska, this technology can find application in these areas: • Transmission curtailment – limiting output from wind power plant combined with storage to transmission capacity • Time-shifting – shifting wind power from off peak hours to peak hours • Grid-frequency support – provision of spinning reserve in case of large event(s) • Fluctuation suppression – output smoothing from wind farm • Forecast hedge – mitigating forecast errors. Other general areas of application include5: • Grid stabilization o Angular stability – mitigation of frequency oscillations in the range of a few seconds o Voltage stability – provision of voltage support by injecting both active and reactive power o Frequency excursion suppression – frequency support by droop control • Grid operational support o Regulation control – frequency regulation in concert with load following in the 10 minute range o Conventional spinning reserve – reserve power for at least 2hour duration • Distribution o Short duration power quality – voltage distortion mitigation o Long duration power quality – voltage distortion mitigation combined with several hours of reserve power • Load-shifting o Short duration load shifting – 3 hour load shift o Long duration load shifting – 10 hours load shift The battery has not shown signs of degradation in performance during the testing period, and its response time is fast enough to deliver the ancillary services including frequency support for a power system (it is only limited by the power electronics). From a renewable energy perspective the VRB technology has potential to be a part of future power systems in Alaska provided the technology is further matured and competitive with other potential technologies offering similar service to the grid. 5 EPRI-DOE Handbook Supplement of Energy Storage for Grid Connected Wind Generation Applications, EPRI, Palo Alto, CA, and the U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC: 2004. 1008703. ADVANCED ENERGY STORAGE RESEARCH 29 | P a g e ACEP 12-03 | March 2012PDF Image | Advanced Battery Storage Systems Testing at ACEP VRB ESS
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