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Electron Transfer Kinetics in Redox Flow Batteries

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Electron Transfer Kinetics in Redox Flow Batteries ( electron-transfer-kinetics-redox-flow-batteries )

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3 Electrode modifications Electrode Wettability Highly porous carbon felt electrodes were prepared using a method known as Holey- engineering [135]. The highly porous carbon felt was found to have improved wettability and a 20-fold increase in surface area. This felt demonstrated improved performance for both the positive and negative vanadium electrodes, with current densities of up to 300 mA cm−2 recorded and good stability demonstrated by completing 3,000 cycles at 150 mA cm-2 [136]. Graphite felt electrodes were decorated with carbon dots using a solvothermal method. The modified felts exhibited improved wettability and enhanced catalytic activity, as evidenced by a reduction in the peak separation of recorded cyclic voltammetry. Additionally, an increased peak current was observed, likely due to the enhanced wettability increasing the electroactive surface area [137]. Electrode Conductivity Graphene oxide nanoplatelets were prepared using a modified version of the Hummer’s method. Presumably these nanoplatelets were deposited onto a polished glassy carbon electrode, although this part of the methodology is not explicitly clear. The nanoplatelet material showed a 6-fold increase in surface area, relative to glassy carbon, as measured by BET. Typically an increase in surface area would result in improved electrochemical performance, however the increased area was linked to a large decrease in electronic conductivity, resulting in reduced performance [138]. 40

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