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Section 8.8 Comparison of the FRCSs 8.8 Comparison of the FRCSs 8.8.1 Optimization objective highest RTSE If optimized for obtaining the highest possible RTSE, the constant FRCS seems to outperform the other control strategies for a current larger than 60 A, as shown in Figure 8-11 a) and Table 8-2. However, this drastically reduces the discharge capacity, as shown in Figure 8-11 b) and Table 8-3. The constant FRCS loses 2.9 WhL−1 of nominal discharge capacity. This corresponds to a relative loss of 23 % and 20 % compared to the conventional and the innovative variable FRCS, respectively. The innovative variable FRCS clearly outperforms the conventional one in terms of efficiency. The efficiency gain is up to 1.0 %-points but comes at the cost of a 0.7 WhL−1 decrease in the nominal discharge capacity, which is a relative loss of 4.5%. Summarized, for currents larger than 60 A, the constant FRCS is the most efficient one, but faces a severe loss of nominal discharge capacity. Figure 8-11: Comparison of the different FRCS with objective maximum system efficiency Table 8-2: RTSE with FRCS optimized for highest RTSE Current in A 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Constant 75.4 % 78.9 % 79.7 % 79.5 % 78.7 % 77.5 % 76.1 % 74.7 % 73.2 % Conv. Innovative ηInnovative- ηInnovative- variable 76.2 % 78.8 % 78.8 % 78.2 % 77.2 % 76.2 % 75.0 % 73.8 % 72.5 % variable 76.2 % 79.0 % 79.5 % 79.0 % 78.2 % 77.1 % 75.9 % 74.6 % 73.2 % ηConstant 0.8 % 0.1 % -0.3 % -0.4 % -0.5 % -0.4 % -0.2 % -0.1 % 0.0 % ηV ariable 0.0 % 0.2 % 0.7 % 0.8 % 1.0 % 1.0 % 0.9 % 0.8 % 0.6 % 133 Efficiency in % Specific capacity in WhL-1PDF Image | Model-based Design Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries
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