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3.4 Three electrode system configuration A three-electrode glass cell is used to carry out fundamental electrochemical studies (Figure 3.5). As-prepared electrodes (0.25 cm2) are used as working electrodes, platinum wire or 5 cm2 carbon felt as counter electrode, and Hg/Hg2SO4 as commercial reference electrode. Nitrogen gas is used to deoxygenate the electrolyte. Electrochemical measurements are done with a Biologic® VMP-3 multi-potentiostat controlled by EC-lab® software. The hydrogen-evolution reaction of all electrodes studied is evaluated using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) at different scan speed in 1M H2SO4. The electrocatalytic reaction of the all electrodes towards negative reaction in VRFB was measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) at different scan rate in 0.05 M V3+ and 1 M H2SO4. The electrocatalytic reaction of the all electrodes towards positive reaction in VRFB was measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) at different scan rates, from 50 to 1 mVs-1, in 0.5 M VO2+ and 3 M H2SO4. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) spectra containing 0.05 M vanadium species in 1 M sulfuric acid (PEIS -0.26 V vs. SHE) was done at a frequency from 100 mHz to 200 kHz. Tafel (seen Appendix 9.1.2.3.1) measurements are done in Potentiostatic conditions in a 50% SoC V3+/V2+ and 1 M H2SO4 solution. Moreover, Randles-Sevcik equation (seen Appendix equation (9.54)) is used to obtain the electrodes-electrolyte mass transfer tendencies. Figure 3.5. – a) Scheme of a three electrode system. b) Picture of the three electrode device used in our laboratory. Analogously, for aqueous organic redox flow systems a three-electrode glass cell is used to carry out fundamental electrochemical studies (Figure 3.5). As-prepared electrodes (0.25 cm2) are used as working electrodes, 5 cm2 carbon felt as counter electrode, and Hg/Hg2SO4 as commercial reference 48PDF Image | Redox Flow Batteries Vanadium to Earth Quinones
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