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fl09mn01.spe: N500 17 Sep 7 Al mono 300.0 W 0.0 0.0° O1s/Full/1 7.9306e+003 max Compafnl0y9Nmanm0e1.spe: N500 2.03 min17 Sep 7 Al mono 300.0 W 0.0 0.0° Ti2p/Full/1 (Shft) Company Name 6.0175e+003 max 4.03 min fl09mn01.spe fl09mn01.spe 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 m p a f nl 1y min17 Ti2 0 m n 0 1 . s p 7Sep7 Al 1s /Full/10(Shft) 535 534 533 532 531 530 529 528 Bindfli1n0gmEnn0e1r.gsype(eV) CF@TiO2 N500 O1s Defective TiO2 C-O e: N900 mono 300.0 W 0.0 0.0° TiO2 Co 3.0994e+003 max 2.16 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0Nma nm0 e1 . s p Sep 7 Al p/Full/10( 468 466 464 462 460 Bindflin1g0mEn0e1rg.syp(eV) 458 456 454 CF@TiO2 N500 Ti2p1/2 Ti4+ e: N900 mono 300.0 W 0.0 0.0°23.50 eV Shft) Ti2p3/2 Ti3+ 2.5769e+003 max Com 4.29 m 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 1 9 m n 0 1 . s p Nov12 Al m p a f nl 0y 9 min17 Ti2 527 1s/Full/1 (S 0 535 534 533 532 531 530 529 528 te19mn01.spe Binding Energy (eV) CF@TiO2 N900 Defective TiO2 C-O e: GF TiO2 mono 350.0 W 0.0 45.0°23.50 eV hft) O1s Co 4.2671e+003 max 5.16 TiO2 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 Nma nm0 e1 . s p Sep 7 Al p/Full/1 (S 0 468 466 464 462 460 458 456 454 fl09mn01.spe Binding Energy (eV) CF@TiO2 N900 Ti2p3/2 Ti-O Ti2p1/2 e: N500 mono 300.0 W 0.0 0.0° hft) Ti-N Ti-N-O 6.0175e+003 max Comp 4.03 mi 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 536 535 534 533 532 531 530 529 528 527 Binding Energy (eV) CF@TiO2 O1s Defective TiO2 C-O TiO2 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 470 465 460 455 Binding Energy (eV) CF@TiO2 Ti2p1/2 Ti2p3/2 Ti4+ fl1 panyName 1 in O te anyName 15 n O Figure 6.25 - O1s and Ti2p XPS spectra for CF@TiO2, CF@TiO2 N500 and CF@TiO2 N900. Furthermore, the O1s spectra in Figure 6.25 shows an increasing surface defect formation over the metal oxide lattice by oxygen deficient groups, Ti-O (dark blue peaks) at 531.5 eV, following the relative area percentage: CF@TiO2 (22%) < CF@TiO2 N500 (45%) < CF@TiO2 N900 (51%). There is also the existence of small contributions related to different oxygen bonds over the carbon surface centered at higher energy values (533 eV) (light blue peaks). Oxygen XPS band for CF@N900 (Figure 6.26) gives evidence for the oxygen groups formed on the carbon felt surface, as three deconvolution peaks related to C=O (rel. 2%) at 530.8 eV, C-O (rel. 69%) at 532.1 eV and C-O-H (rel. 29%) at 534.2 eV 112 c/s c/s c/s c/s c/s c/s -O1s -O1s -Ti2p1 -Ti2p3PDF Image | Redox Flow Batteries Vanadium to Earth Quinones
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