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Hence, bearing in mind that XPS signal is accurate for a few nanometers thickness (about 10 nm)213,214, the crystalline domain determined from the XRD spectra the surface of CF@TiO2 N900 electrode could be described as a TiO2 surface with numerous zones of TiN (21%) surrounded by Ti-O-N transition areas between TiN fj02mn01.spe: sample A' Company Name 10.67 m in and TiO at surface level (29%). 18 Feb 13 A2l m ono 300.0 W 0.0 0.0° 23.50 eV O1s/Full/1 (Shft) 4.2813e+002 m ax fj02mn01.spe 440 420 400 380 360 340 320 300 542 540 538 536 534 532 530 528 526 524 522 Binding Energy (eV) C-O-H O1s C-O C=O CF@N900 Figure 6.26 - XPS O1s band spectra for the sample CF@N900. It is confirmed by the N1s XPS band spectra (Figure 6.27) that CF@TiO2 N900 shows as main contributions the N-Ti (4% at.) bonding at 396 eV, as well as Ti-N-O (4% at.) at 398 eV, both centered at 396.1eV. Moreover, there is a 2% contribution of the spectra coming from pyridinic, pyrrolic and graphitic nitrogen groups formed at the carbon felt surface uncovered , which are centered at 400.2 eV. A 55% corresponds to pyridinic-N (399.7 eV), 31% to pyrrolic-N (400.3 eV) and 13% to graphitic-N (401.3 eV). The nitrogen functionalization is confirmed for CF@ N900, as the deconvolution of the high resolution N1s spectra reveals the presence of the peaks related to: pyridine-N (399.7 eV), pyrrole-N (400.3 eV) and graphitic-N (401.3 eV). 113 c/sPDF Image | Redox Flow Batteries Vanadium to Earth Quinones
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