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the negative reaction in VRFB, as large differential peak potential corresponding to the V3+/V2+ redox reaction is observed. This irreversibility is due to CF electrode promotes the HER over the V3+/V2+ redox reaction. TiO2 electrocatalyst over the surface of the CF electrode displayed oxidation and reduction peaks and therefore HER is largely avoided, but no these peaks are no symmetrical and the obtained current density values are the lowest for all modified electrodes tested. Further differences can be observed, when compare CF@TiO2 N500 and CF@TiO2 N900 electrodes: 1) The highest current densities for both processes, oxidation and reduction, is displayed by CF@TiO2 N900 electrode (i.e. Iox= 24.01 mA/cm2 and Ired= - 27.67 mA/cm2), which evidences the greater electrochemical conversion of the active species on its surface due to a larger electrochemical active surface area towards the V3+/V2+ redox reaction. 2) The peak-to-peak potential separation (ΔE) and the ratio of the reduction peak and the oxidation peak current (Ired/Iox) provide information about the reversibility of the redox process. For one-electron transfer reaction, the values for a reversible redox reaction are ΔE = 0.059 V and Ired/Iox = 1 at 298 K. A Slight difference of the ΔE values between both electrodes, CF@TiO2 N500 and CF@TiO2 N900, can be observed 0.24 and 0.22 V respectively. However, a significant increase from 0.60 to 0.87 for Ired/Iox can be observed, showing a higher symmetry for CF@TiO2 N900 electrode towards the reaction. Thus, in terms of electrochemical reversibility, the CF@TiO2 N900 electrode presents better features, achieving values for a quasi-reversible reaction towards V2+/V3+. Table 6.4 – Electrochemical values obtained from the cyclic voltammetry plots. Sample Eox / V Ered / V ΔE / V Iox / mAcm-2 Ired / mAcm-2 Ired/Iox CF CF@TiO2 CF@TiO2 N500 CF@TiO2 N900 CF@N900 -0.066 -0.625 0.69 9.21 -0.228 -0.469 0.24 3.67 -0.233 -0.468 0.24 5.28 -0.232 -0.456 0.22 24.01 -0.230 -0.463 0.23 15.95 -13.98 0.66 -6.84 0.54 -8.77 0.60 -27.67 0.87 -20.56 0.78 117PDF Image | Redox Flow Batteries Vanadium to Earth Quinones
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