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III.B.2 Development of Large Format Lithium-Ion Cells with Higher Energy Density (Dow Kokam) Ralph Nine, U.S. DOE NETL Program Administrator Dow Kokam, LLC, Contractor Erin O’Driscoll, Ph.D., Principal Investigator 2901 NE Hagan Road Lee’s Summit, MO 64064 Phone (816) 525 1153; Fax (816) 525 5388 E-mail: eodriscoll@dowkokam.com Subcontractors: Wildcat Discovery Technologies, Inc. Oak Ridge National Laboratory Start Date: October, 2011 Projected End Date: March 2015 Objectives The objective of this project is to research, develop, and demonstrate Li-ion battery cells that are capable of achieving an energy density of at least 500 Wh/l while maintaining comparable performance standards in terms of cycle life, calendar life, and durable cell construction and design capable of being affordably mass produced. Technical Barriers The energy density needed to both effectively and efficiently power electric vehicles (EV) is not available with current lithium ion cell technology. Today’s solution falls significantly short of meeting the general consumer’s cost and life expectations. In order for the EV industry to be successful, battery cell with twice the energy density must be developed. Technical Targets Develop and optimize new materials and design of lithium ion cells which will double the energy density of commercially available cells from 260 – 340 Wh/L to 500 – 750 Wh/L. Implement these improvements to mass production system exceeding 500 W/L, superior overall performance and cost compared to currently available PHEV and EV cells, and safety comparable to today’s commercial Li-ion cells. Improve EV battery affordability by reducing cell cost to $0.20 – 0.25/Wh. Major Accomplishments Samples of 2 Ah baseline cells with NMC and graphite as the active materials were delivered to Argonne National Laboratory for evaluation. Both of the high capacity anode (HCA) materials tested by Dow Kokam have demonstrated >2,500 mAh/g. However, satisfactory performance can be obtained only when the utilization is controlled below 1,250 mAh/g. Dow Kokam is testing full cells with HCA and high voltage cathode (HVC) materials. In addition to the cobalt phosphate-based HVC materials, Dow Kokam added NMC-class HVC materials to the list of evaluations. Leveraging the experiences learned from another program, funded by the Department of Defense (DoD), Dow Kokam has demonstrated energy densities of >500 Wh/L with the HVC/graphite chemistry. One high capacity cathode (HCC) material has demonstrated >260 mAh/g. However, it has been difficult to produce this material in a cost effective way. Dow Kokam decided to stop the synthesis of this material; however, we will evaluate other established HCC materials from commercial suppliers. Introduction Dow Kokam proposed to develop a large format battery cell design that could double the energy density of current lithium-ion cells. According to our calculations, this can be done by either increasing the operating voltage of the cell or increasing the capacity of the active materials. Therefore, a parallel approach has been taken. A high voltage phosphate-based cathode material and a lithium- rich based high capacity cathode (HCC) material, both developed by Wildcat Discovery Technologies (WDT), will be evaluated using silicon-based high capacity Energy Storage R&D 66 FY 2013 Annual Progress ReportPDF Image | Advanced Battery Development
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