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III.D Advanced Materials and Processing (Funded by FY 2008 DOE FOA) III.D.1 Protection of Lithium (Li) Anodes Using Dual Phase Electrolytes (Sion Power) John Tabacchi, NETL Project Manager Grant Recipient: Sion Power Corporation Yuriy Mikhaylik, Principal Investigator Sion Power Corporation 2900 East Elvira Road Tucson, AZ 85756 Phone: (520) 799-7609 E-mail: ymikhaylik@sionpower.com Start Date: October 1, 2009 Projected End Date: September 30, 2014 Objectives The objective of this project is to develop a unique electrolyte providing two liquid phases having good Li conductivity, self-partitioning and immiscibility, serving separately the cathode and anode electrodes. Introduce dual-phase electrolyte into Li-S cells and demonstrate improved cycling and thermal stability. Technical Barriers Barriers addressed for EV application Specific Energy >250 Wh/kg Thermal stability, safety Cycle Life Technical Targets Introduce dual-phase electrolyte into 250 mAh cell format. Perform full scale USABC test evaluation and abuse tolerance test and demonstrate improvement of specific energy > 250 Wh/kg, cycle life >100 cycles and cells thermal stability – increasing the runaway temperature to >165°C. Accomplishments Phases 1 and 2 of the Project were successfully completed. Phase 3 of the Dual-Phase project was synchronized with Sion’s ARPA-E project to develop Protected Lithium Anode (PLA) for the Li-S system which ended on September 30, 2013. The ARPA-E project resulted in development of an advanced PLA structure including ceramic/polymer protective layer and gel-electrolyte layer. The main function of the gel-electrolyte polymer was immobilizing the anode part of the dual-phase electrolyte. Newly introduced PLA structure developed under ARPA-E added two new functions for gel- polymer: Surface for coating of advanced protective ceramic/polymer layer Carrier and substrate for finished PLA The dual phase gel-electrolyte polymer was modified to meet the new requirements and to be fully integrated into the new PLA structure. The first step of integration of Dual-Phase gel- electrolyte into PLA was a combination of gel-polymer layer and polymer layer developed for ceramic/polymer structure. These two layers were combined with vacuum deposited lithium and tested in the laboratory in 0.25Ah cells. A new structure test confirmed improved thermal stability (no runaway) at temperatures exceeding metallic lithium’s melting point. Introduction Achieving the DOE cell performance targets for electric vehicle application will require improved Li anode chemical stability (safety), cycle-ability and capacity. It also requires higher cell-level specific energy and the ability to be manufactured at high volume. To meet the DOE targets Sion Power is developing a unique electrolyte providing lithium protection and cell thermal stability. Approach Sion Power’s approach is to develop an electrolyte consisting of two liquid phases having good Li conductivity, self-partitioning and immiscibility, serving separately the cathode and anode electrodes. This self- Energy Storage R&D 102 FY 2013 Annual Progress ReportPDF Image | Advanced Battery Development
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