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Tabacchi – NETL, Mikhaylik – Sion Power III.D.1 Dual Phase Electrolytes 10 5 0 ‐5 ‐10 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Hot Plate Temperature, oC partitioning dual-phase electrolyte will enable us to tailor electrolyte composition at each electrode to provide the optimum chemical stability. This innovative approach was applied to stabilize a high energy metallic lithium anode. While this approach could be generally applied to any Li metal or Li-ion rechargeable cell, SION Power uses a Lithium-Sulfur rechargeable battery system to apply two liquid phases concept. Results Li-S cells were produced with vacuum deposited Li anodes coated with two polymer layers: gel-electrolyte polymer and another polymer designed to support the ceramic/polymer protective layer. The cells were discharged and charged at C/5 and C/8 respectively. The cells generated specific energy in the range 260 -310 Wh/kg. Cycling behavior is shown in Figure III - 92. 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Cycle Figure III - 92: Discharge capacity vs cycle for Li-S cells with two polymer layers on the vacuum deposited lithium anode A subset of cells were stopped after the 10th charge and were subjected to thermal ramp test shown in Figure III - 93. The cells did not show signs of thermal runaway at temperatures exceeding lithium metal’s melting point (+181°C). In fact, cell thermal stability at temperatures over 200°C was limited by the packaging material showing loss of mechanical integrity and noisy signal in Figure III - 93. Figure III - 93: Cell thermal ramp test at 5°C/min. Fully charged cell after 10 cycles Conclusions and Future Directions The next step is integration of this dual-phase electrolyte into the newly introduced advanced protected lithium anode ceramic/polymer structure and completion of Phase 3 goals: 250 mAh format production cells manufacturing, full scale USABC test performance evaluation and abuse tolerance test and improvement demonstration by making the cell more thermally stable – specifically increasing the runaway temperature to >165°C. FY 2013 Annual Progress Report 103 Energy Storage R&D Discharge Capacity (mAh) Delta: Cell ‐ Hot Plate Temperature, oCPDF Image | Advanced Battery Development
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