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Annual Review of Heat Transfer, Vol. 15, p.131-177 https://doi.org/10.1615/AnnualRevHeatTransfer.2012004651 Demirbas 2006, Regin 2008, Kenisarin 1993, Agyenim 2010). Overviews of high temperature latent heat storage material and system developments have also been written (Birchenall 1980, Hoshi 2005, Tamme 2008). 3.1. Materials Latent heat storage materials, or PCMs, should be characterized by some general material properties listed in Section 1.2. In addition specific PCM requirements are the following: A suitable phase change temperature A large phase-change enthalpy A suitable thermal stability with a low vapor pressure at the maximum operation temperature A small volume change during the melting process Little or no subcooling during freezing, little or no supersaturation during melting, neither segregation (e.g., like Glauber’s salt) A high heat capacity, if sensible heat is additionally utilized The development of a latent heat storage system starts with the selection of the PCM. The temperature of the phase change should correspond to the specific application. For the temperature range below 120 °C organic PCMs can be utilized. At temperatures above 120 °C, critical aspects of organic PCMs include the long-term thermal stability, the reactivity with oxygen and the high vapor pressure. Some disadvantages can be overcome if hermetically sealed storage systems are utilized. The thermal stability of inorganic materials is inherently higher. For temperatures from 120 to 1000 °C the solid-liquid phase change of inorganic anhydrous salts are mainly considered. Work on solid-solid phase transitions of anhydrous salts is limited (e.g. Na2SO4). Several solid-liquid phase change materials are listed together with their thermo-physical properties in Table 7. The table presents a selection of characteristic materials, many more can be found in literature (Janz 1978).PDF Image | Annual Review of Heat Transfer
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