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Energies 2022, 15, 6398 4 of 23 Disregarding this effect invalidates the analysis results and results in incorrect determi- nations of the basic hydrogeological parameters [29]. The swimming pool complex here is a five-story service recreation building, with swimming pools, leisure pools, thermal pools, catering, a sauna area, and a spa (Figure 1). The total water surface area is almost 3000 m2. There are two main geological and structural units in the study area (see Figures 1 and 2): the Tatra mountains (lower unit) and the Podhale basin (upper unit). The lower unit (lower structural element) uplifted and exposed in the Tatra massif, consists of a crystalline metamorphic series of older and younger pre-Permian granitoid intrusions and a Mesozoic sedimentary series, among which, apart from the dolomites, limestones, and marls, there are also sandstones and shales. The formations of the lower unit occur in two facies or tectonic series: the southern one, known as the Wierchy series, and the northern one, known as the Regle series, stretching along the border with the Podhale basin. The Wierchy series is built around a crystalline core covered, on the north side, with Mesozoic sediments. There are no crystalline rocks within the Regle series. The upper unit from the Paleogene is younger in relation to the lower unit; it covers the Regle series of the lower unit transgressively. The formations of the upper unit fill the Podhale basin. They consist of two different links in terms of thickness and spreading sediment cells. The lower link, carbonate, is represented by organodetritic limestones, conglomerates containing carbonate rock fragments and dolomites. The upper link—flysch, known as the Podhale flysch, consists of slate, mudstone, and sandstone formations. The maximum thickness of the Palaeogene sediments (upper unit) in the Podhale basin, according to the drillings performed so far, is over 3000 m (3067 m, in the “Chochołów PIG-1” borehole). In the Podhale basin, the Quaternary formations are represented by Pleistocene sediments of fluvial and glacial origin, Holocene river alluvials, weathered covers, and landslide collars. The groundwaters of the Tertiary (Palaeogene) aquifer are associated with the deposits of the Podhale flysch and carbonate sub-flysch formations (Tatra Eocene). The deposits of the Podhale flysch (slate and sandstone) are poorly watertight. On a regional scale, as a whole, they can be considered isolating works. They mainly represent a crevice, or less often, a crevice-pore type of aquifer. The water table is usually a subartesian type. Waters occurring in deeper, sub-flysch aquifers are always subartesian or artesian types. They represent a fissured or fissured karst type of aquifer. The waters of the Mesozoic aquifer are mainly fissured karst waters and karst and are related to the carbonate rock series. There are four aquifers. According to the traditional division, these levels form two levels of deep groundwater: upper and lower. The Eocene carbonate waters are included in the upper layer. The existence of the layers depends on the presence of a clay–mud–shale complex with a thickness of about 100 m. These formations play an insulating role on a regional scale. The area of rainwater supply to the sub-flysch aquifers is located in the Tatra Mountains. The rainwater infiltrating this area moves northward in a system of karst fissures and voids, in the direction of the collapse of the Tatra series. A part of the water has a relatively short circulation because it appears on the surface in the form of springs or drains into valleys. The remaining part of the water penetrates the depths of the rocks, heats up, and is captured through holes in the ground as geothermal water. Termy has been operating a recreation and tourism business in Podhale since 2016. The existing pool facility is fed from the Chochołów PIG-1 well, for which a conditional license was issued in 2011. The concession will expire in 2036. The company currently extracts up to 120 m3/h of thermal water, which is sufficient to meet the heat demands of the existing pool facility. The conditional concession presumes that the handling of the used thermal water after 2025 will consist of injecting it via an absorption well into the rock mass. A temporary derogation from this condition was obtained and the used thermal waters are currently being discharged into the Czarny Dunajec River.PDF Image | Combined Renewable Energy Resources System Geothermal
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