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Energies 2022, 15, 6398 8 of 23 3. Case Study (Methodology and Aim of Combined RES System) The proposed system includes the modernization and expansion of existing energy generation sources provided by a geothermal heat and power plant, alongside the construc- tion of a power plant based on a photovoltaic installation and energy and heat storage. The combined RES system involves the construction of a hybrid plant for the production of heat, cooling, and electricity based on geothermal and solar energy for CHT. In the remainder of this article, the proposed solution will be referred to as the HGS (hydro–geo–solar) system. The proposed concept includes a cascade heat collection system equipped with an ORC plant [31] and heat exchangers, a micro hydro turbine, a photovoltaic plant, and energy storage. For Chochołowskie Termy Sp. z.o.o., this is a rational solution that takes into account the directions of development of distributed energy, increasing the use of RES, and protecting the environment by reducing the consumption of fossil fuel resources. For the development of the concept of the heating plant, including the ORC power plant, the demand for peak power of individual heat receivers was assumed to be the nominal power demand for the equipment, including heat exchangers. The proposed plant will supply both the existing and newly designed facilities, so both demands have been balanced. In order to achieve the declared objective, it is necessary to drill a new geothermal borehole and build RES generation sources for heat, cooling, and electricity production. The new borehole will allow wider use of the industrial geothermal source to power the current swimming pool facility and the newly built leisure and recreation area. The geothermal energy from the new borehole will produce process heat for heating the thermal pools, heating the pool facilities (e.g., changing rooms and spa), heating the leisure and recreation area in winter, and cooling it in summer. The HGS system will also use two technologies to produce electricity from geothermal energy: an ORC cogeneration plant with a capacity of approximately 220 kWe and a 43 kWe micro-hydro-turbine in the geothermal boiler plant Energies 2022, 15, x FOR PEER REVIEW 9 of 25 behind the head (Figure 3). Figure 3. The new hydro-geo-solar system. Figure 3. The new hydro-geo-solar system. A 693 kWp photovoltaic power plant, located on the roof of the current above-ground car park, will provide a complementary source of electricity for the proposed RES installation at ChT. To maximize the company’s use of RES, an energy storage facility will be built to optimize the RES generation system, energy management, and operation of the company’s stuff and customer electric vehicle charging stations. The energy storage will be recharged from the PV power plant and ORC CHP plant during off-peak periods, and the excess energy will be used for ChT’s own facilities. The expected effect of reducing the facility’s electricity demand from the region’s electricity grid is an average of 25% andPDF Image | Combined Renewable Energy Resources System Geothermal
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