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Energies 2022, 15, x FOR PEER REVIEW Energies 2022, 15, x FOR PEER REVIEW Energies 2022, 15, 1316 5 of 22 The electric heating cartridge (red) was placed inside a copper shell for optimized The electric heating cartridge (red) was placed inside a copper shell for optimized functioned as insulators to avoid any heat transfer to the walls of the fluidized bed, where functioned as insulators to avoid any heat transfer to the walls of the fluidized bed, where functioned as insulators to avoid any heat transfer to the walls of the fluidized bed, where ttheettubbeewaassmoouunntetded. .TTememppereartautrueresesnesnosrosrisnisnidsiedtehtehceocpoppepresrheshllecllocsleostoe tohethsuersfuacreface the tube was mounted. Temperature sensors inside the copper shell close to the surface weerreeusseeddfoforrththeemmeeaasusurermemenetnotfotfhtehseusrufarfcaectetmempepreartuatrueroefothfethtuebtue.bTee. mTepmerpaetruarteulroessloesses were used for the measurement of the surface temperature of the tube. Temperature losses dueettoohheeaattccoonndduuctcitoionnwwereereigingonroerde.dM. MICIRCOROisias sainsginleg-lcee-lclemll omdoedl ealndantdhethseansdanmdamssass due to heat conduction were ignored. MICRO is a single-cell model and the sand mass ffllowiissvveerryyssmaall,l,wwhhicihchisiswwhyhyitiwt wasaussuesdedfofrosrtisrtrierdretdantaknekxepxepriemriemntesn.ts. flow is very small, which is why it was used for stirred tank experiments. ThheeLLININIIteteststrirgighhasasaasismimilailrarcocnofnigfiugruartaiotino,nb,ubtuwt iwthitshigsnigifnicifaincat nlotnlgointguidtuindailnsalnsdand The LINI test rig has a similar configuration, but with significant longitudinal sand 5 of 22 5 of 22 heat conduction to the surface. The copper shell was inserted between plastic tubes that heat conduction to the surface. The copper shell was inserted between plastic tubes that maasssfflolow..Addditiitoionnaalllyly, ,lolnongigtiutduidnianlaflinfisnswwerereinivnevsetisgtaigteadte.dA. Askestkcehtcohf othfethsetuseptsupiss is mass flow. Additionally, longitudinal fins were investigated. A sketch of the setups is sshownnininFFigiguurere55. . shown in Figure 5. Figure 5. LINI test tube configuration: (a) Plain tube; (b) Longitudinally finned tube. FFigiguurere5.5L.ILNINItIestetstutbtuebceoncfiognufirgautiroant:io(an):P(laa)inPltauibne;tu(b)eL;o(bn)giLtuodnigniatullydifinnanlleydftiunbnee.dtube. In LINI, the electric heating cartridge was placed inside an aluminum shell inside a In LINI, the electric heating cartridge was placed inside an aluminum shell inside a In LINI, the electric heating cartridge was placed inside an aluminum shell inside a steel tube. Using a carbon steel tube allowed the welding of the longitudinal fins (also steel tube. Using a carbon steel tube allowed the welding of the longitudinal fins (also steel tube. Using a carbon steel tube allowed the welding of the longitudinal fins (also carbon steel). The surface temperature was measured directly at the plain surface of the carbon steel). The surface temperature was measured directly at the plain surface of the carbon steel). The surface temperature was measured directly at the plain surface of the tube fforrbootthhtutubbeetytyppese.s. tube for both tube types. ThemaainincchhaararactcetreirsitsitcicofotfhtehTeRTIRNIINtIesttesritgriwgawsaitsittrsantrsavnesrvsaelrsalnsdaflnodwf,loshwo,wshnoiwnnin The main characteristic of the TRINI test rig was its transversal sand flow, shown in Figure66.. Figure 6. Figure 6. TRINI test tube configuration: (a) Plain tube; (b) Helically finned tube. Figure 6. TRINI test tube configuration: (a) Plain tube; (b) Helically finned tube. Figure 6. TRINI test tube configuration: (a) Plain tube; (b) Helically finned tube.PDF Image | Heat Transfer between Finned Tubes
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