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Energies 2022, 15, 6331 27 of 33 Table 5. Electrical energies of main components of the system on yearly basis. Component ST WT PV GSET BAT,charge Value [MWh] Component 15.40 BAT,discharge 32.90 DUMP 7.63 RO 2.87 AUXILIARIES 6.54 USER Value [MWh] 6.34 15.50 6.87 3.33 30.00 Value [-] 0.188 0.022 0.613 Value Unit 13.50 kEUR/year 16.20 kEUR/year 10.50 kEUR/year 24.20 kEUR/year 18.50 kEUR/year 18.50 kEUR/year 12.80 kEUR/year 7.15 years 9.53 years 8.45 years 12.20 years 5.67 years 6.95 years 7.41 years 10.00 years Table 6. Energy performance parameters of the system on yearly basis. Result ηST nST nWT Value [-] Result 0.106 ηPV 0.352 nGSET 0.376 COP Table 7. Primary energy performance and economic results of the system. Component PESPS-IS,RS-GSET PESPS-IS,RS-GRID PESPS-GRID,RS-GSET PESPS-GRID,RS-GRID PESrPS-IS,RS-GSET PESrPS-IS,RS-GRID PESrPS-GRID,RS-GSET PESrPS-GRID,RS-GRID Cop,PS-IS Cop,PS-IS-BIO Cop,PS-GRID Cop,PS-GRID-BIO Cop,RS-GSET Cop,RS-GRID JPS-IS,RS-GSET Value 195.04 149.94 231.80 186.70 0.956 0.943 1.136 1.174 3.72 6.67 1.45 4.39 22.90 17.20 19.10 Unit Component MWh JPS-IS,RS-GRID MWh JPS-IS-BIO,RS-GSET MWh JPS-IS-BIO,RS-GRID MWh JPS-GRID,RS-GSET - JPS-GRID-BIO,RS-GRID - JPS-GRID-BIO,RS-GSET - JPS-GRID-BIO,RS-GRID - SPBPS-IS,RS-GSET kEUR/year SPBPS-IS,RS-GRID kEUR/year SPBPS-IS-BIO,RS-GSET kEUR/year SPBPS-IS-BIO,RS-GRID kEUR/year SPBPS-GRID,RS-GSET kEUR/year SPBPS-GRID,RS-GRID kEUR/year SPBPS-GRID-BIO,RS-GSET kEUR/year SPBPS-GRID-BIO,RS-GRID The analysis of the results points out that the thermal energy produced by the boiler (BOIL) is converted into 89.4% (130.00 MWh) of cogenerated heat available at the condenser (COND). However, this amount of energy is not fully used because 29.8% is dissipated by the auxiliary heat exchanger (AHX) due to the overheating of tank TK1 occurring when the steam turbine, ST, runs at minimum load and there is a scarce demand of heat. The heat supplied to tank TK1 is in part diverted to produce DHW in tank TK3 (USER,DHW), supplied to the heating system of the user (USER,HEAT), and to drive the adsorption chiller (ACH,GEN). The distribution of heat among these uses is 28.7, 44.3, and 27.0%, respectively, highlighting that the highest thermal energy consumption of the system consists of space heating. Moreover, it is important to note that the production of auxiliary heat (AUX) is negligible with respect to the one provided by the COND; in fact, it is only 0.12%. This result is achieved because the production of heat in the system is constant, and only in some peaks of concurrent heat demand for DHW and space conditioning is the steam cycle incapable of matching entirely the needs of the user. The yearly electrical energies of the system components are reported in Table 5. The energy generated by steam turbine, ST; wind turbine, WT; and photovoltaic field, PV, together is 39.1% higher than the one consumed by the system auxiliaries; reverse osmosis, RO; and user. ST, WT, and PV contribute for 27.5, 58.8, and 13.6% of the total electrical renewable energy produced by the system. The higher contribution of the wind turbine is due to the higher nominal power of this component with respect to the other ones (10 kW vs. 5 kW) and to the favorable wind conditions of the Pantelleria island. The energy results also confirm that the operation of the GSET is marginal in terms of generationPDF Image | Hybrid Polygeneration System Based on Biomass Wind and Solar Energy
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