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Energies 2022, 15, 1008 12 of 16 Table 7. Energy stored and energy transfer rate of TES tanks. Variable Number of HTES tanks Total energy stored (heating) (kWh) Average TES capacity (heating) (kW) Number of CTES tanks Total energy stored (cooling) (kWh) Average TES capacity (cooling) (kW) Number of DHW_PCM tanks Total energy stored (DHW) (kWh) Supply water temperature (◦C) Value 3 21.9 13.5 3 14.5 31.5 1 6.2 40–50 As the TESSe2b (with TES storage) system was designed and installed in order to maximize the solar fraction due to PCM’s large amount of latent heat in comparison with the energy storage based in sensible heat using water volume storage, it was attempted to evaluate the necessary volume of water that produced the same solar fraction with PCM tanks for heating and DHW using the same area of the solar collectors with energy simulations. It was concluded that the total TES volume required for heating and DHW was 0.64 m3 (in comparison with water energy storage of 6 m3) to achieve the same results. The use of PCM storage required limited space instead of water storage, and this is a very important result. Furthermore, heating and cooling needs were simulated using Design Builder (DB) software. All the characteristics of the building’s thermal envelope were used. The weather data used were based on the Paphos climate file in the Design Builder database. In order to validate the weather data, they were compared with those obtained by the weather station installed on the demo site. Good agreement was found between the two datasets for an entire year. A week with identical weather data between the Design Builder database and the weather station data was chosen during the cooling season. The week analyzed was the week from 19 to 26 August. Figure 9 shows sufficient agreement between the simulation results and demo site monitoring. The slight variations in the monitoring data had to do with the dead band set for temperature control, while the influence of the thermal inertia Energies 2022, 14, x FOR PEER REVIEW 13 of 16 of the water within the distribution system was taken into account. As the simulation adequately represented the actual functioning of the building, realistic conclusions can be drawn regarding the performance of the conventional system and the TESSe2b system. Figure 9.. Dry bullb Temperature recorded by the weather statiion and from the DB cliimatte datta ffiille ffor the Cyprus simulations. FFigiguurere1100rreepprreesseenntstsththeeeevvoolulutitoionnoofftthee callcullatted buiilldiing coolliing needs and the energy delivered to the building by the TESSe2b system to satisfy the space’s cooling needs. energy delivered to the building by the TESSe2b system to satisfy the space’s cooling needs.PDF Image | Latent Thermal Energy Storage Application
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