New Phase-Change Thermal Energy Storage Materials for Buildings

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New Phase-Change Thermal Energy Storage Materials for Buildings ( new-phase-change-thermal-energy-storage-materials-buildings )

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Cl) C')C'a .E ~ .-------------------------------------------------~200 PCM, As = 12 Aw > C'a C'a :> ~ Cl) ;::. ca >-0<1> C'l "C >- ... C I ·- "' c 3: E -c~ I C'a::::s- I '-........... ................ w:=:::, .................. ............. PCM, As = 6 Aw ............ .......... ::::s c ... c Q) <(c. .........._..... and Costw + Costsl Costw + Costsz = ------~~----- SAVsl SAVsz SA Vsz SA Vsz Costsz = SAVsl Costsl + (SAVsl - 1) Costw 'I I ---- '-........ -~ ,'Gypsum, As= ,,,I 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Solar savings fraction Figure 3. The Net Energy Savings per Unit Window Area for Different Heat Storage Materials in a Direct Gain, Passive Solar Heated Building Concrete, As = 3Aw o~--------~--------~--------~--------~--------~0 The allowable costs of a direct gain solar syst'em are difficult to estimate because they depend on the costs of the storage materials, of the windows required to provide the solar gain, and of heating energy which vary widely with type of fuel used and region of the world in which it is bought. Hm.r- ever, the relative value of different kinds of direct gain designs can be calculated independent of energy costs. For two types of storage in direct gain systems which are equally cost effective: where costs and savings are expressed per unit area of window. The relative allowable costs can be expressed in terms of the single parameter SAVs2/SAVsl where the denominator describes some reference base case. Figure 4 shows the dependence of allo2"able costs on SSF for a particular base case with concret~ storag~ at $54/m ($5/ft2 of window area) and window costs at $54/m ($5/ft ). The data are the same as shown in Figure 3. Allo~1able PCM costs are partially due to the reduced window area required to achieve the same energy savings. If a high value of solar savings fraction is desired, then the allowable PCM cost may be as great as five times the cost of the concrete in the base case. 6 TP-2:Z2?'

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